Kalena Sills - Report

Topic: The Action Of Breathing

 

One of the things we learned about in the IRC sessions was Lateral Thoracic Breathing which is a breathing technique that involves, to put it simply, directing the breath so that the ribcage expands laterally which allows one to breathe while maintaining optimal “core” stability.

Learning about this technique was eye-opening for me because even though I have done various breathing exercises before (for things like meditation, anxiety mitigation, etc.), I have never given much thought to exactly what the action of breathing is or how I am able to control it. For this report, I wanted to explore in more detail exactly what goes into the Action of Breathing and learn more about how that action changes, if at all, to best support different types of movement.

 

 It is well known even to someone with 0 curiosity about the human body that the diaphragm exists, and that it probably has something to do with breathing. But over the course of this research it became clear to me that most likely your average person doesn’t know exactly how the diaphragm works or what “diaphragmatic breathing” actually means.

My first encounter with the idea of “breathing from your diaphragm” was in choir, to create breath support for your singing by “stabilizing your core”. But while I believe this got me to tense my abs more while singing, I did not find that the way it was explained “breath from you belly, but keep your belly tight” gave me a deeper understanding of how to breathe optimally for any activity, much less singing and I continued through life having little to no understanding of how the Action of breathing works.

Thinking back on this and now knowing how truly Bad At Breathing I have been for a large portion of my life, made me believe that bringing at least a basic understanding of how our breath functions into our classes as coaches and movement facilitators can have a huge impact on our client’s quality of life, both in movement and in the day to day.

 

I took to the internet looking for anything I could find on breathing for dance, breathing for exercise in general and also breathing for powerlifting as I thought they would have more specific methods for breathing. I also looked into the work of Patrick Mceown and James Nestor as they both have books on the subject and seem to give similar advice. Both men talk extensively about breathing through the nose being the optimal way to breath and trying to prevent over-breathing. I found myself a little bit put off by the language they used and the claims they made with only anecdotal research, e.g. “Breathing for weight loss”, but overall I found their general points to be helpful.

I also did a deeper dive into the more specific anatomy of how the diaphragm actually works, and how it connects to the rest of the body. We talked about this briefly in IRC but I was curious as I found more discussion about diaphragmatic breath as it pertains to mobility.

 

 

When I started this project, I expected to find a lot of conflicting opinions, or at least differences in technique when I dug into how various disciplines coached breathing, but what I found instead was that most of the videos I could find on the subject actually agreed with each other about how best to breathe for optimal stability.

By and large these videos (see links section below) encourage mostly breathing from the nose and breathing into the back and sides of the ribcage to best utilize the muscular action of the diaphragm and allow for spinal support and abdominal stability. 

 

 

I also found a very interesting essay about a man named Carl Stough, who was a choir conductor, musician and vocal coach in the 50s and 60s. Stough’s work focused largely on emphasizing the exhale and USING the diaphragm to push air out while more or less letting the inhale take care of itself.

This was quite revolutionary at the time and through his success as a conductor and singer, Carl Stough wound up working with everyone from emphysema patients all the way to Olympic runners.

 

My biggest takeaway from all of this is that breathing is both simpler and more complicated than I thought it was at the start of this journey.

It is simpler because there is actually more or less one agreed upon optimal way to breathe, although there are many ways of teaching it.

It is more complicated because our breath is connected to every part of how we think, move, sleep and live. We can utilize our breath and spinal positioning to make large strides in strength and mobility work, and if we’re breathing suboptimally it can have a massive impact on our mental and physical health.

 

This is a huge topic and I’ve definitely only just scratched the surface, but even that much has given me so much. As I have been practicing some of what I learned in researching this report (Mostly breathing through the nose, “efforting” the exhale instead of the inhale, finding 360 expansion of the trunk when breathing), I have found a greater sense of connection to my body, greater stability in my core, and more ability to calm myself when I start to feel anxious.

 

I intend to bring more breath-based instruction into my classes, but I think it is important that it be specific. Because just saying “Remember to breathe” or “take a few breaths here” can be a bit vague and doesn’t necessarily lead to breathing in an optimal way. Just like any other instruction, giving a specific action or external cue will almost always yield more comprehension than a vague one. I am currently experimenting with exactly what this is going to look like, but I am excited by the process!

 

 

 

 

Links section below! >>>

 

 

 

 

 

Links:

Inspiration of Breath - Jean McClelland on Carl Stough

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5e6fcac38b566022dbc41aa6/t/606f1a7cf9160e468e6d66ae/1617894065550/InspirationofBreathArticle.pdf

 

Physio Therapist talking about breathing for dance-

https://youtu.be/9oZ8d7CWPvE

 

Dana Santas on breathing patterns -

 

https://youtu.be/f7blmN8G2Fk

 

Anatomy explanation that I found helpful -

 

https://youtu.be/dYHzuK6f4JE

 

Another video on ribcage position while breathing and “overbreathing”-

 

https://youtu.be/Yz0ASTgLxbo

Kalena Sills - Case Studies

Who are you working with?

Kathleen,

Has been doing pole for a few months. Goes to the gym regularly, does roller derby and advanced park skating. Very strong legs, decent upper body strength and mobility. Struggles with confidence, sweaty hands (often due to fear), and pain tolerance for skin contact with the pole. Has gone through a few relatively dramatic weight changes in her life and struggles to trust spotting because of it.

What are their goals?

Because Kathleen is so new to pole, she expressed that she pretty much wanted to learn anything and everything and that she doesn’t know what she doesn’t know. However “Getting Upside Down” was definitely a high priority.

What are your goals?

My goals for Kathleen were two-fold: 1. Help her get herself upside-down. Obviously. It’s something she wanted and also kind of what this whole thing was about. (I know it’s deeper than that :P) 2. Help her find strategies to navigate some of the fear and discomfort with the sensation of skin on pole. This goal emerged after the first session when it became clear that this was going to be a big hurdle for her as she progressed.

What is your hypothesis/strategy?

I am not super clinical/strategic when it comes to teaching and much of my strengths lie with being able to adapt to the energy of the room on any given day. So to say I had a specific approach planned out before I started would be a lie. What I did have was a rough outline of the beginnings of the Invert Ready curriculum as I understand it, upon which I would build as needed. I did know ahead of time that I would need to provide an ample amount of encouragement as well as find ways to hold space for frustration and redirect Kathleen when she got down on herself and so I had a few ways of stepping back or doing other things in my back pocket.

 

Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

Session #1: (Slightly reformatted from the summary I sent the client so has some comments/advice directed at them, but I’m keeping it in to show written teaching examples since I didn’t film the sessions)

Introduced rib/spinal awareness to assist with supporting and getting the abs to "turn on" in various positions.

Spinal and isolation exercises-

Practiced moving the lower (lumbar) spine without moving the upper (thoracic) and vice-versa with a resistance band for feedback.

Practiced a hip bridge with closed ribs. (You can do these as a stand-alone exercise, up and down with control trying to go a little farther at the top every time by PUSHING your feet into the floor and asking more of your ass while keeping the ribs where they are)

Hanging/Chin-up-

Worked on moving through passive and active hang (pretend you can break the bar in half when you go for active hang).

Waist hold invert-

Step-by-step:

Crab stance with one hand on the floor, BIG push of the feet into the floor (get the ass up), keep the ribs where they are, reach the head away with a slight chin tuck, one foot places on the pole until you can push and lift the other leg. Try to keep reaching the head and pulling the arms so you elbows are in line with your side body.

Worked on twisting in towards the pole to get a foot on the ground to exit smoothly.

Introduced Outside Leg Hang-

Biggest thing for you with this is getting comfortable enough while inverted to allow your hips to move and rotate towards the pole. Can practice from the floor like the first version we did without the full waist hold invert.

Session #2: The summary for this one somehow isn’t in my chat logs with my client but it was shorter anyway.

Gave Inverted row exercises with rings and with two chairs as options

More chin-up practice and specificity on what exactly to be working on while hanging (shoulder awareness, allowing for movement, etc.)

The rest of this session was spent reviewing waist-hold stuff taught in the first session and exploring descending into outside leg hang from standing. 

 

Session #3: This one I have a summary for again.

Today we worked through braced, neutral spine squat (aka the hardest squat ever) and hip mobility exercises with the chair. Remember to lift knee to shoulder first (while minding the spine/ribs) then slowly rotate outward fighting to keep the outside of the knee high until your leg is fully behind you, then rotate knee towards floor and slowly lower. 2-3 of those each side and then 2-3 each side going the other direction.

We worked on taking the waist hold invert up higher to go from standing! You did SO WELL! There were a number of the ones you did that were so smooth and controlled, it looks like you're getting more comfortable in the position.

We explored the possibility of rotation into the standing waist hold, I think that this will come as your confidence grows! You have the pieces, it's just gaining familiarity and coordination. The more coordinated you can make this action (i.e riding the momentum), the easier it will become.

Lastly we spent some more time with outside leg hang, this was a tough thing to throw at you last!! Again I see a lot of pieces there and as your confidence and tolerance for the position grows I think it will click.

Remember that when you feel stuck, it never hurts to take an extra breath where you're at and see if you can ask your body for a solution. E.g. Can't reach the pole with my leg, what if I changed how my leg is rotated so that I have a little more mobility? Or, my hand is stuck, what if I found another contact point to help me hold on while I free it?) It is easier said than done, but if you can manage it, curiosity can be a vital tool to combat panic.

 

How did it go?

I think overall this was a positive experience for both of us. Kathleen gave good feedback and worked hard and we were able to have a good time working together.

What worked?

I think I was able to explain the material in a way that could be understood and I think I was able to create a fun, challenging lesson while holding space for the strong emotions that can manifest when we learn new things as adults.

 

 

What didn't?

I wish I had been a bit more structured in my approach and had built out more of a progressive lesson plan from the jump. I felt like there were times where I wasn’t entirely sure what the best next thing to teach would be. This is something I am continually working on in all aspects of life, being more organized so that I am better equipped and less stressed. I also felt like 3 sessions didn’t feel like enough to get through so much info and so I found it challenging to prioritize and condense. (Hence why having a more solid plan would have helped)

VI. Results of strategy: Kathleen wrote me a really lovely review when I asked for feedback at the end. Quoted below:

“Over the course of 4 weeks Kalena provided me with unwavering support on my invert journey. As someone who struggles with intensely sweaty hands I appreciated that they gave me conditioning exercises that allowed me to work on building up my muscles and core control in between our sessions. While my hands are still sweaty, I now can hold longer and more confidently thanks to the  exercises provided. In their space even if I fell, they were immediately there to offer a hand,and they found ways to encourage me when I had bouts of frustration that allowed me to express those emotions but still gave me the confidence to try again. Kalena was able to pin point where my problem areas were but also gave me options to find a way that suited my body/pain thresholds.

I feel eager to continue learning and feel I have been provided with a skill set that I can now confidently try these movements on my own. Although I will still keep coming to them for advice! :) "

Concluding findings:

I learned a lot from working with Kathleen but I think the biggest takeaway for me was this:

 When working with someone who is pretty much brand new to pole, skin pain tolerance is going to be a big hurdle, regardless of the person’s background. I (rather dumbly) assumed that since Kathleen does park-skating and roller derby, she would not have as much trouble with the discomfort of skin-on-pole, but that actually wound up being one of her biggest obstacles. That and fear, which was another thing I did not expect. So put simply, meet your client with zero assumptions, regardless of what you know about them off the pole.

 

 

 

 

 

Reflection Questions:

Did you invest yourself in this process?

I would say yes in that I worked very hard to give my client the best possible instruction in even this short amount of time.

What are you proud of in this process?

I am most proud of my ability to create a coaching environment that facilitated excitement and a desire to continue the journey, even after we were done.

 Who are you working with?

Sherry,

Has been doing pole for 4 years or so, is in her 50s and has MS and arthritis but works incredibly hard on herself to stay fit and mobile. Her abilities in pole have fluctuated up and down a lot in the last year or so, I believe she told me she had some kind of injury that set her back, but she has recently been building back up. Has been inverting for a while and takes advanced classes but lacks clarity on body position and often will just struggle into positions in any way possible.

II. What are their goals?

When asked what she most wanted out of our time together, Sherry expressed wanting to “smooth things out and clean things up”. Which I interpret as clarifying form and gaining awareness and efficiency, as she is already quite strong and mobile.

III. What are your goals?

My main goal for Sherry was to get her to a point where she could invert without struggling/grabbing at the pole and find a consistent, secure knee hook.  I also wanted to help her focus on getting comfortable enough with transitions to be able to find more fluidity and give herself options.

IV.What is your hypothesis/strategy?

I had to present a very abridged version of material as Sherry was a last minute substitute for my original client who fell through and so I decided to try to emphasize on the pole work to get as much as possible out of a less prepared program, but I also wanted to have some conditioning exercises prepared because I knew that Sherry often asks for those and responds well to them.

V. Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

Again pulled from written summary sent to client:

 

Session 1:

-We took before videos and introduced "spinal flossing" which is an exercise in Spinal Segmentation, useful for building control and awareness for making small spinal adjustments to make inverting more efficient.

-We also introduced spinal control in our squat, and learned about lateral thoracic breathing which we practiced by sitting in a rounded position with our knees into our chest and imagining gills on the back of our ribs.

-We talked briefly about hanging and how we can think about snapping the bar in half to achieve our active hang as well as using the same idea in a pull-up.

-Lastly we introduced the waist-hold invert! We got into this by leaning down so that we find horizontal (almost like a hip bridge or Crab position) with both hands as low as we can get, almost touching the abdomen. We find a neutral spine, pushing the ribs down, reaching the top of the head away from the pole, with the gaze either straight up at the sky or over the outside shoulder. Next step is to lift whichever leg feels most accessible to achieve liftoff into your chopper, either with or without pushing into the pole with the foot, and allowing your upper body to come towards vertical.

Session 2:

-We discussed using the band to assist with finding the position for an aerial invert/as a conditioning tool. We did this by tying the band as high as possible on the pole and then stepping into it with the outside leg at the same time as we do our "pull-up" onto the pole

-We continued to practice waist hold chopper into outside leg hang, using the rotation of the pelvis TOWARDS the pole to get our most secure hook.

-We discussed using a backwards invert and rotating the chest AWAY from the pole to assist in easier access to inside leg hang.

-Lastly we talked about shoulder mounts and using the band to do "pull-downs" starting with the arms out in front at about hip-width and then pulling down to the hips before controlling back up. We also added an overhead forward "push" exercise with a slightly lower resistance band.

Session 3:

-Spent some time reviewing inside and outside leg hang practice we discussed in Session 2

-Gave seated coordinated lift to waist hold exercise,

Starting seated on the floor with the inside leg bent, foot on the floor and the outside leg extended towards a narrow straddle. When ready, we pushed into the floor with the foot, grabbed onto the pole with the inside arm low, outside arm high, and pulled ourselves up into a standing waist-hold position with the outside leg lifted and energy pulling out from the top of our head. The goal of this is to make it one coordinated movement so that standing, pulling with the arms and lifting the outside leg happens more or less simultaneously.

-Spent the rest of our time exploring ways to find static rotation smoothly into and out of outside leg hang and developing strategies to help develop trust in the fact that the pole will still support us even as we play with momentum. This involved a log of walking around the pole and playing with tension and maintaining oppositional force as we transitioned into our inverts.

How did it go?

I think it went well over-all. Sherry is a very willing student and she is driven to improve so I was able to trust that if I gave her something to work on, she would definitely work on it.

What worked?

I felt like I was able to condense the material down well enough to still provide something that was helpful, even if I felt like there wasn’t as much time to space things out how I would have liked. I believe my greatest strength in teaching is being able to meet an individual where they are and provide them with at least one nugget of insight that will improve their experience of pole/movement.

What didn't?

I felt a bit disorganized/stressed because these sessions were very last minute and we crammed all 3 into essentially a week and a half so there wasn’t a lot of time for one set of information to be absorbed before I needed to give a new one.

VI. Results of strategy:

Sherry did not provide as lengthy a set of written feedback as my other client but I’ve highlighted some quotes from our messages:

This has been really helpful for me, this [talking about inverting] is already feeling better”

“I really this exercise for shoulder mounts, I can see how it would be helpful”

“I had never heard anyone explain spinal orientation before”

“Thank you so much, this adjustment has made inside leg-hang SO much easier already!”

VII. Concluding findings:

The biggest thing I learned from working working with Sherry was that even small adjustments to form and awareness can pay off big time when it comes to comfort level and ease of movement. Because she was more of an advanced student, much of what we were doing was trying to fine tune positioning and help her find the awareness to help HERSELF be more efficient with her movement.

VIII. Reflection Questions:

Did you invest yourself in this process?

Yes, however I definitely did not manage my time in an optimal manner, thus leading to stress. I don’t think I let that bleed into the client experience too much, but I’m sure it could have been better.

What are you proud of in this process?

I’m proud of my ability to cater to my client’s needs and help her create pretty significant improvement in a very short amount of time.

I’m also proud of myself for not giving up on this whole project and resigning myself to failure. There were moments where I felt like calling it a wash, but even when logistics became really difficult I still found a way to at least complete the assignment, even if maybe it could have been better.

Kalena Sills - Self-Assessment

How did it look/feel/function before?

Unfortunately I didn’t think to specifically film before videos of any of this so I really only have the after to show. However I can say that while I have been inverting competently for years, I never really had much awareness of what my spine was doing during the whole process or what to do if I wanted to change that.

How does it look/feel/function now?

I think I have more length through my upper body and more freedom of movement in, through, and out of the various inverted positions. I also can more consistently invert one-handed as opposed to that being something that only happened on the very best of pole days. I feel stronger and more fluid.

What’s changed?

Body awareness! Seriously that was the absolute biggest takeaway that I personally got from this program. I am not naturally very aware of where I am in space (I have a few sensory processing issues that make this challenging), but the awareness practice in this program specifically for the breath and the spine allowed me to tap in to my movement in a much more connected way. Before I felt like when I would dance I would often disconnect from my body in a way that made it hard to even be sure what I did moments after I stopped. I don’t experience this nearly as much now. Movement feels more embodied overall.

 

Jessica Miles - Report

Knee hooks and hangs and how the knee engages.

Initial idea of exploration:

I'd like to explore more about torsion in knees and how the joint interacts in various hanging capacity focusing on which muscles are in use to keep the hang healthy. 

·       I don't know what information exists currently, but I've got a book on Applied Anatomy of Aerial Arts, as well as Pole Anatomy and I would bet they cover hanging from a trapeze or bar of sorts, lyra, silks, or pole. Question one: what information readily exists?

·       I'm curious how things change when going from a purely vertical hang to slanted/horizontal contact. Question two: how is the knee intended to work in pole knee holds, hooks, etc?

I think these questions complement what we've learned in Invert Ready by exploring what happens after we get upside down a little more.

The Knee

Anatomy basics

The primary bones involved in the joint are the femur, the patella, and the tibia. The fibula isn’t weight bearing and doesn’t move much, so I’m choosing to ignore it (see video: Knee Anatomy). The knee cap is intended to shield the joint from traumatic impacts. All surfaces that articulate (move) against another bone are covered in cartilage, and there is a sack of synovial fluid around the knee joint structures for additional insulation and lubrication (ease of movement). The two C-shaped menisci (soft cartilage) are the great equalizing agents that spread the weight load evenly around the tibial plateau surface (preventing damage to the hard cartilage surfaces, and potentially the bones) and assists in absorbing impact to project the joint.

The medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligaments keep the femur and tibia stabilized and aligned against too much side-to-side translation. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) form a cross when viewed from the front and their function is aligning and stabilizing the femur and tibia from too much forward or backward translation.

The quadriceps and hamstrings are responsible for straightening and bending the knee. A series of tendons connect the muscles to the bones: the quadricep tendon connects to the patella, and the patella tendon connects the patella to the tibia: these are utilized in straightening the knee. The hamstring tendon connects the hamstring to the back of the tibia, and is utilized in bending the knee.

I was surprised that none of the muscles of the lower leg take an active role in bending or straightening the knee. Upon further reflection, this makes sense that any sensations I feel in “my knee settling into place” doesn’t really change if I activate my calf muscles: but activating my quads in opposition to my hamstring in a bent position will affect how my knee feels overall in a bent position.

How the knee moves

Skimming various articles, general consensus in the medical and PT world is that the knee is a hinge and it’s not good when the ligaments are asked to accommodate torsion in the knee joint. Aditionally, the knee does not “bend and separate” or “bend and crush”: it simply only bends. This means that pulling the knee into a deeper bend than can be achieved just using muscles might strain the ligaments by forcing simultaneous crushing on the posterior side and stretching/separation on the anterior side.  

Hangs, hooks, and what is my “knee” doing on the pole?

Initial thoughts

Before opening up my books, it seems to me that whatever the knee is “doing,” it’s important that the other leg, a hand, or someone spotting a body through transitions into poses does not cause the upper and lower legs to twist through the knee: security in a knee grip must come from the quadriceps and hamstrings moving and holding the knee into any amount of bend.

Aerial knee hangs

Emily Sherb, PT states “to execute a proper knee hang position, aerialists need to be able to fully open their hips so they are straight,” (Sherb, E. p.67) meaning that hanging from a horizontal apparatus the leg is in 180 degree extension. While the hamstring is responsible for initiating and keeping the bend in the knee(s) while pulling the hips into extension, pointing the feet(toes) assists in bending the knee by flexing the calf and gastrocnemius which crosses both the knee joint and ankle. Aerialists (pole dancers) run into issues when they’re not recruiting their core muscles (primarily the transverse abdominis) and glutes to stabilize the pelvis and spine to counter the posterior tilt and pull from the hamstring on the pelvis. The quadriceps should be relatively relaxed when hanging from both knees from a horizontal apparatus is order to maintain an open hip position. Using the quads will pull the person into a slightly piked position by causing an anterior pelvic tilt because the quads overpower the hamstrings, and may also unintentionally straighten the legs.

With regard to single knee hangs (and easiest to translate to pole), keeping the pelvis in a neutral position, as well as hips level, allows the athlete to have the greatest hold in their knee hang (Sherb, E. p.74).

Brass Monkey hang

Just like hanging from a horizontal apparatus, the hamstrings and gastrocnemius are flexing the knee around the pole, a position which is strengthened by the pointed foot (Wilby, N. p.113). It’s noted that a small amount of hip flexion can create an additional grip point on the outside of the hip. The staying power in this hang, though, comes from hip abductors and adductors contracting to maintain tensions around the grip points while the hip rotators stabilize the legs in an external rotation. The outside leg can be positioned to create symmetry, extended up the pole, or explore other positions. Eros is an example of a position where everything but the hanging leg rotates around to a create a completely different look. Sometimes the foot of the floating leg crosses over the hooked leg’s ankle for an added sense of stability, however too much pressure from this bind can damage the ligaments in the knee. This is because the knee does experience mild twist in the brass monkey knee hang and additional force may cause them damage.

Outside leg (knee) hang (p. 121)

The hip flexors (iliopsoas and rectus femoris) bring the outside knee toward the torso while the hip adductors bring the leg across the midline of the body. Once the leg is past the pole, the hamstring bends the knee while the hip rotators stabilize the leg in an externally rotated position hooked on the pole. The gastrocnemius and soleus point the foot, while also creating firm tissue to squeeze the pole. The core musculature is recruited to rotate the abdomen away from the pole creating tension between the pole and the transverse abdominis muscles that are against the pole. There is room to explore various shapes with the other leg, twist of the chest, and arm placement while the knee hook and side body maintain the grip points.

Jasmine (p.129)

Similar to an outside knee hang, the hooked leg is utilizing all the same muscles and positioning. However, the pelvis is closer to and rotated toward the pole putting the leg in an adducted position and usually bringing the pole to rest in or near the crease created by the inside leg.

Inside leg (knee) hang (p. 134)

The hamstring bends the knee while the iliopsoas and rectus femoris bring the knee toward the chest. The hip abductor and hip rotators externally rotate the leg and allow the bent leg to cross the midline of the body to hook the pole. If these muscles aren’t recruited enough for the duration of the hang, the grip on the pole is lost.

Conclusion

The hamstring does the work to keep the knee in a hook position. The glutes, hip rotators, core musculature, and sometimes the hip flexors dictate where the body positions in relation to the hook, but has no bearing on the quality of the hook itself. The hip adductors and abductors play a role in squeezing the pole more or less as desired by the dancer. Pointing one’s foot is the simplest way to create firm tissue against which the pole can sit, similar to the hamstring being firm when bending and maintaining the bend of the knee.

Brass Monkey seems like the most likely hang in which knee injury can happen since it has the most inherent twist of the joint, however applying too much tension (crossed ankles, a hand, etc) to the ankle of the bent leg can also cause injury by applying too much tension on the ligaments as well. Recruiting one’s quads will hinder the quality of the hook because its purpose is extending the lower leg into a straighter position.

While not explored above, a cross knee layback could cause a dancer damage to their knee ligaments if they lack the mobility to externally rotate their hips enough to create and maintain the bent cross-legged bind without twisting the knee with too much tension applied to pulling on the bent leg’s foot.

Overall, the answer I was seeking for what makes a healthy bent knee “wrapped” around a pole seems to be this: by using the hamstring and the gastrocnemius and soleus to support the knee bend, the less-flexible ligaments that align and stabilize the knee can be protected from undue point-pressure or tension by creating a “flexed muscle barrier” between the ligaments and the pole. As well, knees are fascinating and their “rotating power” comes from manipulating the hips and pelvis.

 

 

 

 

References:

Scherb, E. Applied Anatomy of Aerial Arts. North Atlantic Books, California, USA. 2018.

Wilby, N. Pole Anatomy. (volume 1). Lancashire, UK. 2022.

YPO Orthopedic Surgeons, “Your Practice Online: Patient Education Library,” Knee Anatomy. 2022.  https://www.ypo.education/orthopaedics/knee/knee-anatomy-t194/video/

International Association for Dance Medicine and Science, (blog) “Introducing the knee: anatomy and biomechanics,” Anatomy of the Knee Joint. 2016. https://iadms.org/resources/blog/posts/2016/november/introducing-the-knee-anatomy-and-biomechanics/ and specifically https://youtu.be/_q-Jxj5sT0g

Jessica Miles - Self-Assessment

I’m providing this second link to my last best effort performance before ever dreaming of anything like IRC and taking a good hard look at my own inversions. It has plenty in there that speaks to strength, and plenty evaluate in alignment, posture, and inversion technique. There’s plenty else about it that has room for improvement, but focus on the inverts!

Important note:

Over the course of this course, I’ve mis-remembered where I saved/moved my initial videos from February. However, I’ve found two other videos from March 18, 2022 (pull-up) and April 7, 2022 (waist holds and invert to outside leg hang) that more or less fit a “before” image.

Additional note:

The month of August has been rough – circumstances for travel and illness were such that I didn’t get much movement (much less pole-focused exercise) in for the whole month. There are glimpses of me completing various pieces of ILH, OLH, BMH, Waist Holds, Pull Ups, etc… throughout my case studies videos, but for simplicity and sanity the short collection linked here are recorded September 6, 2022.

Strength Inventory: February 6, 2022

Ground inverts: I can invert rotating, stationary, sitting, standing, etc using two hands. One-handed inversions are not yet in my repertoire.

Ground inverts landing: I can easily reverse the inversion process and land fluidly and silently from anywhere in the inversion process.

Aerial Inverts: I can invert rotating forward, rotating backward, static, etc using both hands. I am unable to complete a one-handed aerial inversion at this time.

Straight Arm Hang: I can hold 30-45 seconds before feeling fatigued.

Chin-ups: I can easily complete 5 chin-ups or pull-ups, hand orientation doesn’t affect me.

Flexed arm hang: I can hold a flexed arm hang 20-30 seconds before feeling fatigued.

Outside leg hook: I can get into it securely while rotating.

Inside Leg hook: I can get into it securely while rotating.

Brass Monkey: I can get into it securely while rotating.

Feedback from Marlo at that time: rotate/roll leg up the pole to eliminate the hiccup in catching the knee hook. Landings can be softer: look for ways to flow through the landing. Drop the head back during the inversion to keep better back alignment and reduce energy leaks. To explore: flexing/engaging the calves differently in pointed feet to protect the knee.

·       Important note: I have no more meniscus in my right knee, and I’ve gotten in the habit of flexing my foot through the inversion process in order to avoid the bones uncomfortably rotating and locking in a bent knee position against the pole. This is one of those diabilities that I don’t particularly enjoy discussing and experimenting with since it grinds away at my bones and my doctors and I would like them to last as long as possible, even if a knee replacement is in my future.

Follow-up thoughts on what a strength inventory would look like now:

While my strength and endurance are not what it was in July or at any point throughout this certification, my form and conscientious quality of movement is much better. Endurance will return eventually. I believe things will be easier having a mind for how to adapt my approach based on honestly assessing videos of my own practice. While it may be useful, I’m choosing to not complete a full inventory at this time so that I don’t fixate on “what’s been lost in a really rough month”.

How did I look/feel/function before?

I have been in the habit of rounding my back and translating my head forward, which makes it much harder to hold a classic “chopper” position. A lot of this came from a history of bicycling where my posture continuously deteriorated over a decade. I’ve been hard at work to correct this in every aspect of my movement… except during my inversion process! Now that I know better, I can do better. I felt strong, but not able to comprehend why holding a chopper was so exhausting. I looked hunched in with my shoulders rolling forward. It felt like a lot of effort, especially when rotating into inversions.

How do I look/feel/function now?

I’ve eliminated the hiccup in my “hook-wait-re-hook” in my outside leg hang. My spine – head to tailbone – maintain a much more neutral and strong alignment. My legs, pelvis, and torso rotate with the movement needed to flow into and out of inversions gracefully and silently.

I feel weaker, but feel like I’m spending less effort completing these moves now as opposed to how it felt back in February/March/April of this year. My body doesn’t feel like it’s working against itself to hold or reverse the position at any point in the process, making it feel more fun.

Overall, I’m functioning better and looking more polished going through all the various inversion assessments. My shoulders, in particular have the most improvement in less rounding which makes everything else fall into alignment effortlessly.

What changed?

I’ve become more aware of how to make the different sections of my back move/bend/translate/spiral as their own independent pieces: this is in part to this certification’s focus on breathing, banded spinal flossing, and taking the time to examine and care about what my body is doing and seek improvement.

The duration of this course and our small groups (in my case, a partnership!) kept me accountable for putting in the work.

Watching the methods and techniques be discussed and applied by like-minded instructors to new-to-them students as I observed and chimed in at the live weekend was fascinating. It was a really interesting and insightful experience in considering how to approach my case studio duo. As well, I enjoyed seeing some of the same slip-ups and mistakes I ended up making myself in cueing, guiding, and otherwise encouraging my students along their inversion explorations.

I really loved watching my two case studies take what I said, demonstrated, and questioned to heart. It made me much more aware how much what I do is observed and replicated more so than anything I say or su

Larissa Brown - Report

I.               Who are you working with?

·      Keren: Formerly a gymnast in her early years but since has led a less active lifestyle. Recently she has joined a gym and began weight training and running.

·      Ariel: Formerly a ballerina and has recently become dedicated to weight training. She loves the outdoors and hikes often.

Explain your clients history and pain points.

·       Keren: No current body pain or past injuries.

·       Ariel: No current pain but has a previous lower back injury and knees have hurt her in the past from ballet training.

Videos Included:

·       Include before/after photo/video of

·       T + L spinal flossing

·       Squat

·       Chin-up (or attempt)

·       Invert (whatever version they are closest to)

·       OLH (BM+ILH optional)

·       Feel free to include anything else you would like to track progress on (forward hinge, shoulder mobility etc.…)

II.             What are their goals?

·      Keren: She has only taken one intro to pole class before our coaching sessions. She has always wanted to try pole but was nervous about her abilities. She would like to invert by the end of our coaching sessions.

·      Ariel: She also has wanted to try pole dancing but had difficulty making the time and cost was prohibitive. She is hoping to invert and exit gracefully by the end of our training.   

Find out their movement goals (especially in regards to pole + inverting-related stuff). I can provide guidance w/ what to ask later on.

III.           What are your goals?

·      Since they both are very new to pole, I want to build their comfort and confidence when moving around and with the pole. My goal is that they have fun, feel more confident, and learn techniques that will help them safely invert.  

Based on who you’re working with and what their goals are, where do you hope to get them?

·      We spent the first bit of our time just moving around the pole, walking and holding the pole, some basic spins (fireman, back-hook, etc). They both hope to invert by the end of our time. My goal for them is to have them safely and gracefully invert and exit back down to the floor.

 

IV.What is your hypothesis/strategy?

How do you plan to approach coaching them? What methods will you use?

·      Warm-up with squats

·      Spinal awareness: Spinal flossing, rolling up and down wall, body waves on pole

·      Bridges up then slowly lowering

·      Lower crunches with shoulder on pole and toes coming up to tap pole then slowly descending

·      Pull-ups with bands, with chair

·      Passive/active hang

·      Hip bridge, one foot lifts off the ground at a time, one foot on pole, one foot on pole and other leg bends towards torso and lifts off the ground, leaving foot on pole slowly descending

·      Stepping into and invert with outside foot making contact with pole

·      Hip bridge one foot one pole, inside leg lifting off ground, sliding outside leg into a knee hold, first attempt at OLH with hands still holding pole

V. Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

What actually happened in each session?

Started in the order above and they progressed in this order until they attempted OLH. We usually spent the last 15 minutes of class learning a few fun spins like Fireman, Pinwheel, Falling Lady and combing moves with a Dip turn. I also had them try a pole sit and started teaching the basic elements of a pole climb.

What did you do?      

They were both super excited to try pole moves and really wanted to rush into inverting. I explained how the moves/exercises we were doing off the pole would help them achieve a more successful and safer invert. Slowing down and trying to tuck and tilt the pelvis during spinal flossing seemed to be difficult for both. Ariel made a comment that when weightlifting, she’s trained her body to not move her pelvis when lifting so it was hard for her to unlearn this approach to exercise. Doing the body waves on the pole helped to loosen and bring awareness to both. I spent time demonstrating that once they had inverted from a hip bridge, it was important to not just fall out of it but to gracefully descend to the floor.   

How did it go?

They both had a great time and left feeling accomplished. The first class we spent a lot of time on spinal awareness and the basics of walking around a pole and physics of push/pole. The second class, by the end they had both inverted from a hip bridge and Ariel inverted from a standing step. The third class, they again both inverted from a hip bridge and they both attempted an OLH with hands still on pole. They made huge progress for only taking three classes.

What worked?

Hip bridge to one heel on the pole worked well for both and practicing the slow descent made the invert safe. Although it took a good chunk of time, spinal flossing with a band in the first session helped to bring more awareness to their spinal movement. After the hip bridge and practicing slowly descending, having them try a step to invert worked because once they inverted, they knew how to safely come down. That seemed to be the proudest movement for both because it was higher of the ground, and they said felt more impressive.  

What didn’t?

Using the chair to push up on while doing a pull-up didn’t really seem to help their form. I think they needed more time/practice on pull ups with a band before using a chair. Attempting an OLH from having a heel on the pole was difficult because their hands were in the way of where their knee pit needed to be. I think it might have been too soon to introduce OLH and I think next time I’ll wait until they can both invert into a v.

[include media documentation] See video above

VI. Results of strategy: Share feedback from your clients. Share your “after” photos

·      Ariel: “Had so much fun! I didn’t notice much progress on my pull-ups but was so amazed when I went upside down on the pole. I didn’t really expect to do that so soon. I’m hoping to take more classes.”

·      Keren: “I enjoyed learning the spins and was nervous when I heard we were going to attempt inverting but starting low to the ground felt safe.”  

VII. Concluding findings: Explain what this case study has taught you and how it can help other people.

Before taking this training I never would have thought someone (unless a super fit athlete) could invert after only a few pole lessons, but this has shown me to not put limits on students and to teach small achievable steps that will lead to big outcomes.

VIII. Reflection Questions: Did you invest yourself in this process? What are you proud of in this process?

I’m proud that both Ariel and Keren were able to invert after three sessions and that I helped them to feel more confident in their abilities by teaching achievable steps that slowly built on each other. They came nervous and excited about trying pole and by the end were asking if we could continue weekly sessions and proudly showing me their pole kisses. I hope to continue to grow and share with others about these coaching strategies on how to safely and successfully invert.

 

Larissa Brown - Case Studies

I.               Who are you working with?

·      Keren: Formerly a gymnast in her early years but since has led a less active lifestyle. Recently she has joined a gym and began weight training and running.

·      Ariel: Formerly a ballerina and has recently become dedicated to weight training. She loves the outdoors and hikes often.

Explain your clients history and pain points.

·       Keren: No current body pain or past injuries.

·       Ariel: No current pain but has a previous lower back injury and knees have hurt her in the past from ballet training.

Videos Included:

·       Include before/after photo/video of

·       T + L spinal flossing

·       Squat

·       Chin-up (or attempt)

·       Invert (whatever version they are closest to)

·       OLH (BM+ILH optional)

·       Feel free to include anything else you would like to track progress on (forward hinge, shoulder mobility etc.…)

II.             What are their goals?

·      Keren: She has only taken one intro to pole class before our coaching sessions. She has always wanted to try pole but was nervous about her abilities. She would like to invert by the end of our coaching sessions.

·      Ariel: She also has wanted to try pole dancing but had difficulty making the time and cost was prohibitive. She is hoping to invert and exit gracefully by the end of our training.   

Find out their movement goals (especially in regards to pole + inverting-related stuff). I can provide guidance w/ what to ask later on.

III.           What are your goals?

·      Since they both are very new to pole, I want to build their comfort and confidence when moving around and with the pole. My goal is that they have fun, feel more confident, and learn techniques that will help them safely invert.  

Based on who you’re working with and what their goals are, where do you hope to get them?

·      We spent the first bit of our time just moving around the pole, walking and holding the pole, some basic spins (fireman, back-hook, etc). They both hope to invert by the end of our time. My goal for them is to have them safely and gracefully invert and exit back down to the floor.

 

IV.What is your hypothesis/strategy?

How do you plan to approach coaching them? What methods will you use?

·      Warm-up with squats

·      Spinal awareness: Spinal flossing, rolling up and down wall, body waves on pole

·      Bridges up then slowly lowering

·      Lower crunches with shoulder on pole and toes coming up to tap pole then slowly descending

·      Pull-ups with bands, with chair

·      Passive/active hang

·      Hip bridge, one foot lifts off the ground at a time, one foot on pole, one foot on pole and other leg bends towards torso and lifts off the ground, leaving foot on pole slowly descending

·      Stepping into and invert with outside foot making contact with pole

·      Hip bridge one foot one pole, inside leg lifting off ground, sliding outside leg into a knee hold, first attempt at OLH with hands still holding pole

V. Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

What actually happened in each session?

Started in the order above and they progressed in this order until they attempted OLH. We usually spent the last 15 minutes of class learning a few fun spins like Fireman, Pinwheel, Falling Lady and combing moves with a Dip turn. I also had them try a pole sit and started teaching the basic elements of a pole climb.

What did you do?      

They were both super excited to try pole moves and really wanted to rush into inverting. I explained how the moves/exercises we were doing off the pole would help them achieve a more successful and safer invert. Slowing down and trying to tuck and tilt the pelvis during spinal flossing seemed to be difficult for both. Ariel made a comment that when weightlifting, she’s trained her body to not move her pelvis when lifting so it was hard for her to unlearn this approach to exercise. Doing the body waves on the pole helped to loosen and bring awareness to both. I spent time demonstrating that once they had inverted from a hip bridge, it was important to not just fall out of it but to gracefully descend to the floor.   

How did it go?

They both had a great time and left feeling accomplished. The first class we spent a lot of time on spinal awareness and the basics of walking around a pole and physics of push/pole. The second class, by the end they had both inverted from a hip bridge and Ariel inverted from a standing step. The third class, they again both inverted from a hip bridge and they both attempted an OLH with hands still on pole. They made huge progress for only taking three classes.

What worked?

Hip bridge to one heel on the pole worked well for both and practicing the slow descent made the invert safe. Although it took a good chunk of time, spinal flossing with a band in the first session helped to bring more awareness to their spinal movement. After the hip bridge and practicing slowly descending, having them try a step to invert worked because once they inverted, they knew how to safely come down. That seemed to be the proudest movement for both because it was higher of the ground, and they said felt more impressive.  

What didn’t?

Using the chair to push up on while doing a pull-up didn’t really seem to help their form. I think they needed more time/practice on pull ups with a band before using a chair. Attempting an OLH from having a heel on the pole was difficult because their hands were in the way of where their knee pit needed to be. I think it might have been too soon to introduce OLH and I think next time I’ll wait until they can both invert into a v.

[include media documentation] See video above

VI. Results of strategy: Share feedback from your clients. Share your “after” photos

·      Ariel: “Had so much fun! I didn’t notice much progress on my pull-ups but was so amazed when I went upside down on the pole. I didn’t really expect to do that so soon. I’m hoping to take more classes.”

·      Keren: “I enjoyed learning the spins and was nervous when I heard we were going to attempt inverting but starting low to the ground felt safe.”  

VII. Concluding findings: Explain what this case study has taught you and how it can help other people.

Before taking this training I never would have thought someone (unless a super fit athlete) could invert after only a few pole lessons, but this has shown me to not put limits on students and to teach small achievable steps that will lead to big outcomes.

VIII. Reflection Questions: Did you invest yourself in this process? What are you proud of in this process?

I’m proud that both Ariel and Keren were able to invert after three sessions and that I helped them to feel more confident in their abilities by teaching achievable steps that slowly built on each other. They came nervous and excited about trying pole and by the end were asking if we could continue weekly sessions and proudly showing me their pole kisses. I hope to continue to grow and share with others about these coaching strategies on how to safely and successfully invert.

 

Larissa Brown - Self-Assessment

Complete a before and after analysis of you OWN invert, OLH + ILH and chin-up.

Submit a video of you moving into, through, and out of those moves. If you have before videos or photos, please include them. Answer the following questions:

How did it look feel/function before?

·      Before, I always had to have my hand placement perfectly placed on the pole before feeling confident in my ability to invert. I usually had a rounded back and my gaze was on my hands/pole. It usually required a little hop to invert and if I came down immediately after it was usually a quick, thoughtless decent. I could usually OLH on both sides without difficulty, but I really struggled with ILH. I could sometimes ILH on my right side but really struggled on my left side.

How does it look/feel/function now?

·      I’m more intentional with my movements and feel that I can be less strict on my hand placement. I focus on elongating my spine and try to take my gaze over my shoulder. My ILH on both sides has improved because my torso is now staying more parallel with the floor when my inside leg wraps around the pole and am also maintaining a pelvic tuck which helps with my inflexibility.  

What’s changed?

·      I’ve tried to make my movements more intentional and have more awareness and control over my spinal movement since incorporating spinal flossing into my warm-up routine. I’ve also tried to move my eye gaze from my hands to over my shoulder which helps prevent the closed off rounded back appearance that my invert previously had. I’ve also just been more intentional about practicing my inverts to OLH and ILH whereas before I would only practice them as a way to get into another move.  

 

Stella Fink - Case Studies

I. Who are you working with?

 

Client 1 - Sophia Carnabucci

 

Include before/after photo/video of (see link above for video)

★     T + L spinal flossing

★     Squat

★     Chin-up (or attempt)

★     Invert (whatever version they are closest to)

★     OLH (BM+ILH optional)

★     Feel free to include anything else you would like to track progress on (forward hinge, shoulder mobility etc.…)

 

II. What are their goals?

Find out their movement goals (especially concerning pole + inverting-related stuff). I can provide guidance w/ what to ask later on.

 

Sophia’s Movement Goals

●      Strong movements look easy and fluid in floor work

●      Straight leg inverts, without micro bends

●      Static rotation inverts

 

III. What are your goals?

Based on who you’re working with and what their goals are, where do you hope to get them?

 

My goal for Sophia is to work on and improve her overall strength. I suggested she do the following program once or twice a week:

●      Push-ups

●      Pulls ups

●      Rows

●      Overhead Presses Single Arm

●      Squats/Step Ups

I hope to encourage consistency and to practice pole once a week. At some point during our three sessions, I also want to work on the Butterfly (the wrapping of the shoulder blade) and Handspring/Ayesha/Elbow Grip.

 

IV. What is your hypothesis/strategy?

How do you plan to approach coaching them? What methods will you use?

 

I plan to begin by using CARS Full Body Routine as a warm-up and care for joints. My warm-up will deviate to other shapes such as active lunges, squats (with a neutral spine) and twists, as well as active flexibility of the back and hamstrings. Then I will go through several exercises for spinal awareness using the floor or wall as feedback. I plan to work back of the body breathing into every session as well as core activations that involve closing the ribs and more breath work holding the closed rib position (ex: isometric plank. I will repeat the technique of waist hold from the floor with foot assist in every session to reinforce form and body awareness while on the pole and inverted. I will then proceed to other techniques based on the client's goals.

 

For Sophia, I’d like to work on Thoracic and Lumbar Dissociation. I think this movement is challenging for her and has been limiting her strength, especially in her inverts like butterflies. I think it also may be contributing to her lower back pain. I will use the floor and wall for spine feedback as well as spinal flossing to improve her spinal awareness and control.

 

V. Documentation of Implementation of Strategy:

What actually happened in each session? What did you do?

 

Session 1 - 7/27/2022

Performed a warm-up including:

Full Body CARS

Planks with Breath

Downward dog

Lunges with Bounce

Balance hamstring stretch emphasis on ribs closing and hip hinge

T and L Spinal Flossing

Squats

Chin-ups (assisted)

Waist holds both sides

Invert chopper from standing

Outside leg hangs

 

Session 2 - 8/10/2022

Discussed how the body is feeling

Sophia trained this week!!! Good Job! Sophia worked on handsprings at home

Did pull-ups on the pole

Experiencing lower back tightness, heaviness and disconnectedness

Heaviness on the pole

Performed an active and passive hip opening warm-up

Kosacks, side lunges

Lunges, active with activation and twists

Active king pigeon

Squats with a neutral spine

Squats with weight, emphasis on ribs close and hip hinge

Worked on Ayesha

Took it back to basics with inverted crucifix work and then pushed the torso away from the pole

Then looked at the mechanics of pressing hips up towards the ceiling

Elbow hook detail work as well as alignment with rib closing

Homework: pull-ups, invert with press away, side Plancks modified

 

Session 3 - 8/27/2022

Warm Up with CARS for neck, shoulder, hips

Lunges

Hamstring stretch

Push-ups (attention to spinal and rib closing)

T&L Spinal Flossing

Squat with pole assist

Assisted pull-ups

Waist hold invert from low to the ground

Invert from standing with an emphasis on double pull up

Invert to outside leg hangs

Modified outside leg hang set up from the floor with circular pathway of leg for non dominant side

Ayesha prep and spotted Ayesha

Single arm Shoulder presses with band included shrug at the top

Sophia got her Ayesha!

 

How did it go? What worked? What didn't?

 

The sessions with Sophia went really well. From her first to her third time with me, I noticed a big improvement in overall strength and control. I think she was successful at integrating the lessons into her own training. She improved her spinal awareness and it was easier for her to find alignment for the squat and the invert. She improved spine mobility and control in her spinal flossing. Sophia also made gains with her assisted pull ups. They look stronger especially at the top/end range. What I struggled to make progress on with her was her outside leg hang on her less dominant side. I ended up taking it back down to the floor to work on the pathway of the leg (see video). I wish I noticed this earlier and was faster at working on this detail with her.

 

VI. Results of strategy: Share feedback from your clients. Share “after” photos/videos.

 

Feedback from Sophia:

 

“These were possibly some of the most challenging pole dance classes I’ve ever taken. It was frustrating at times as I had to really focus on details I had previously skipped over and habits that I had to let go of. But it was also extremely fulfilling. It was fascinating to tap into muscle groups that were unfamiliar to me and how the floor workouts translated onto the pole. My inverts, particularly on my dominant side, felt lighter after igniting those muscle groups on the floor. I will definitely take what I’ve learned with me in my own pole practice, especially the spinal isolations and pull-ups! I’ve never wanted a pull-up bar in my home this badly!!”

 

VII. Concluding findings: Explain what this case study has taught you and how it can help other people.

 

Working with Sophia taught me how to apply the Invert Ready program when teaching advanced techniques like the handspring. I learned how well the methods used can help improve awareness, efficiency, and control for even the most experienced pole dancer. I now feel more confident in delivering this material to an advanced set of students. I also learned that returning to fundies is very important to make progress. We can always improve our fundamental techniques.

 

VIII. Reflection Questions: Did you invest yourself in this process? What are you proud of in this process?

 

Although I still feel new to applying the Invert Ready method and teachings, I think I did my best and invested myself in this process. I am proud of how I could apply what I learned in the Invert Ready program in the context of a one-on-one session and have the student understand and connect to their bodies in ways they haven’t been introduced to before, and in just one session!

 I. Who are you working with?

 

Client 2 - Brooke Britton

 

Include before/after photo/video of (see link above for video)

★     T + L spinal flossing

★     Squat

★     Chin-up (or attempt)

★     Invert (whatever version they are closest to)

★     OLH (BM+ILH optional)

★     Feel free to include anything else you would like to track progress on (forward hinge, shoulder mobility etc.…)

★     Brooke experiences right shoulder nerve pain stemming from a labrum tear, numbness also occurs

 

II. What are their goals?

Find out their movement goals (especially concerning pole + inverting-related stuff). I can provide guidance w/ what to ask later on.

 

Brooke’s Movement Goals

●      More fluidity in transitions at the base and at the floor, fluidly with standing and to the floor transitions

●      Moving slowly, feeling your body

●      To feel strong with aerial inverts

●      To feel more comfortable in advanced inverted combos

●      Splits and straddle goals

●      Waist hold, hip hold

●      Jamilla

●      Handspring

 

III. What are your goals?

Based on who you’re working with and what their goals are, where do you hope to get them?

 

My goal for Brooke, which is similar to Sophia, is to work on and improve her overall strength. I suggested she do the following program once or twice a week:

●      Push-ups

●      Pulls ups

●      Rows

●      Overhead Presses

●      Neck abs

●      Squats/Step Ups

I hope to encourage consistency and to practice pole once a week. At some point during our three sessions, I also want to work on the Butterfly (the wrapping of the shoulder blade) and Handspring/Ayesha/Elbow Grip.

 

IV. What is your hypothesis/strategy?

How do you plan to approach coaching them? What methods will you use?

 

I plan to begin by using CARS Full Body Routine as a warm-up and care for joints. My warm-up will deviate to other shapes such as active lunges, squats (with a neutral spine) and twists, as well as active flexibility of the back and hamstrings. Then I will go through several exercises for spinal awareness using the floor or wall as feedback. I plan to work back of the body breathing into every session as well as core activations that involve closing the ribs and more breath work holding the closed rib position (ex: isometric plank. I will repeat the technique of waist hold from the floor with foot assist in every session to reinforce form and body awareness while on the pole and inverted. I will then proceed to other techniques based on the client's goals.

 

For Brooke, I will also work on scapula awareness and positioning. I will do this using the row (on and off the pole) and shoulder press exercises. I will also use cues that help her lengthen the spine and widen the chest. Brooke has a tendency to round her upper back in inverts.

 

V. Documentation of Implementation of Strategy:

What actually happened in each session? What did you do?

 

Session 1 - 7/20/2022

Performed a warm-up including:

Full Body CARS

Planks with Breath

Downward dog

Lunges with Bounce

Balance hamstring stretch emphasis on ribs closing and hip hinge

T and L Spinal Flossing

Squats

Chin-ups (assisted)

Waist holds both sides

Invert chopper from standing

Outside leg hangs

 

Session 2 - 7/27/2022

Discussed goals for the session, how her body is feeling, most recent pole class/practice and handspring work and struggles

Performed a Warm-up including:

External Rotator Exercise with yellow Thera-band

Full Body CARS

Planks with Breath

Downward dog

Lunges with Bounce

Balance hamstring stretch emphasis on ribs closing and hip hinge

T and L Spinal Flossing

Squats

Rows with Band

Pole work included:

Pole hangs with scapular slides on both sides

Waist holds to the chopper

Waist hold with feet on blocks to elevate

Standing chopper with emphasis on performing a double pull-up

Chopper to hip hold chopper

Jamilla form and practice

Cat pounces from handstands

 

Session 3 - 8/3/2022

We talked about shoulder injury progress and Physical Therapy work done during the week

Warm Up

CARS

Neck, shoulder, hips

Lunges

Hamstring stretch

Push-ups (attention to spinal and rib closing)

T&L Spinal Flossing

Squat with pole assist

Assisted pull-ups

Waist hold invert from low to the ground

Invert from standing with an emphasis on double pull up

Invert to outside leg hang

Ayesha prep and spotted Ayesha

 

How did it go? What worked? What didn't work?

 

The sessions with Brooke went really well, I think. Brooke is strong and can already perform a lot of pole moves. Her challenge is hip mobility. The building of spinal and scapula awareness helped Brooke understand what her body feels like when she is in alignment to access strength from her bank and center for her inverts. Practicing the waist hold and a bent leg invert helped Brooke improve alignment and have less need for flexibility.

 

After rewatching Brooke’s inverts, I think the cues/methods I used for preventing rounding of her upper back didn’t work. If and when I do another session with Brooke, I will do a modified pole row through a waist hold position and use the cue of pulling the pole apart and other methods I used in the live Invert Ready get-together. The in-person session gave me a lot of wisdom in practice and will make a difference in my approach going forwards.

 

VI. Results of Strategy: Share feedback from your clients. Share “after” photos/videos.

 

Feedback from Brooke:

 

“I enjoyed the invert prep exercises, particularly positioning the pole just above my hip bone and wrapping my waist around the pole before attempting to invert.  It allowed for a slower, more controlled inversion and my arms were less tired in holding the invert. I also liked the cueing to continue to wrap my rib cage down and in - I tend to flare my chest when I do anything in pole so this was very useful and helped me to engage my core better and make me feel more secure in holding inverted positions. The CARS were also very good for control and balance and helped me to identify sticky spots in my hips and shoulders that I need to give extra care to.”

 

VII. Concluding Findings: Explain what this case study has taught you and how it can help other people.

 

Working with Brooke has taught me how to apply the Invert Ready approach to students who are already inverting. I learned how valuable the methods used can help improve efficiency, prevent injury and improve control for experienced pole dancers. I also learned that sometimes small details can make a huge difference.

 

VIII. Reflection Questions: Did you invest yourself in this process? What are you proud of in this process?

 

Although I still feel new to applying the Invert Ready method and teachings, I think I did my best and invested myself in this process. I am proud of how I could apply what I learned in the Invert Ready program in the context of a one-on-one session and have the student understand and connect to their bodies in ways they haven’t been introduced to before, and in just one session!

 

Stella Fink - Report

What did you want to understand in greater detail?

I wanted to learn more about CPTSD (Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) and its effects on the body, specifically the breath.

 

 

Why did you want to understand it in greater detail?

I became very fascinated with the optimal type of breath for movement, as well as the relationship between the diaphragm and the pelvic floor since we touched on breathing during one of our Invert Ready lectures. I also wanted to understand how Trauma affects breath.

Where did you go looking?

Please refer to my Bibliography below.

What did you learn?

Much of the present research points to yoga as being one tool for healing trauma and feeling safe in the body again.

Many people affected by trauma live in a continuous state of survival (the sympathetic nervous system) and don’t inhabit their bodies, going through life in a state of numbness and disconnection. Those in constant survival mode have a challenging time accessing the parasympathetic nervous system (rest and digest). Trauma survivors also have a low tolerance to discomfort. Avoiding behaviours aid in short-circuiting feedback when their own body’s sensations become unbearable. This engrained response cut’s a person off from their own emotions requiring more stimulation to produce a sense of aliveness and control. Trauma survivors are in need of help regulating their arousal, controlling their own physiology, and rewiring associations with the world and that is where yoga and breath come in.

 A huge part of yoga is about holding positions for a sustained period of time and noticing and/or controlling the breath, much like meditation. It is a practice where there is a contained space and period of time where the practitioner maintains an uncomfortable position and uses the breath as an anchor of focus, maintaining the pose. Simply put, this teaches a person to be comfortable with the uncomfortable. Mindful approaches to teaching pole dance, like the Invert Ready approach, are very similar to Yoga in this way.

 

Breath has a strong relationship with the nervous system. Heart rate variability (HRV) measures the balance between the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). When we inhale, we stimulate the SNS and our heart rate goes up. Exhalations stimulate the PNS, which slows down our heart rate. In healthy bodies, inhales and exhales produce steady fluctuations in heart rate. A good HRV is a measure of well-being and of how well we deal with stress in our bodies.

A person with CPTSD typically has rapid and shallow breath. Heart rate is slow and out of sync with the breath. This pattern is usual for a person shut down from chronic PTSD.

To improve this relationship is to improve a person’s HRV, well-being and relationship with the world.

What would you like your reader to know/understand?

Learning to control our breathing patterns and improving our awareness of our body during the breath can help regulate our nervous system.

What conclusions have you formed?

Yoga and intentional movement along with body and breath awareness are key to improving HRV as well as regulating the nervous system. Coming back to the body and feeling safe to do so may be a process but a worthwhile one for healing from CPTSD and improving quality of life. And I think this stems from the quality of breath and that is something we do have control over.

How is this impacting how you move and teach?

From this research, I am deeply understanding the importance of the quality of our breath. I will train and teach placing more intention and priority on the breath and ways to optimize movement with the breath.

 

Bibliography

➢    Wieler, Myrthe. “Fight or Flight versus Rest and Digest.” Ekhart Yoga, 19 Apr. 2021, https://www.ekhartyoga.com/articles/wellbeing/fight-or-flight-versus-rest-and-digest

➢    A., Van der Kolk Bessel. The Body Keeps the Score: Mind, Brain and Body in the Transformation of Trauma. Penguin Books, 2015.

➢    McAdam, Emma. “Therapy in a Nutshell.” YouTube, 16 Aug. 2016, https://www.youtube.com/c/TherapyinaNutshell.

➢    “Vagus Nerve: Breathing for Relaxation.” YouTube, Tune Up Fitness, 10 Mar. 2020, https://youtu.be/dkJDrfL90rU.

Stella Fink - Self-Assessment

How did it look feel/function before?

Prior to starting the Invert Ready Program, I was feeling very strong from teaching full-time. My inverts and leg hooks felt strong but I still had restrictions. It was challenging for me to access my breath and upper abdominals. I also did not have the ability to open my chest, especially towards the lean-back phase of the inverts. This resulted in rounding of my shoulders.

How does it look/feel/function now?

It is like night and day of a difference. It feels technically harder but I am able to access strengths I hadn't accessed before (my upper abs, my upper and lower back). I am still trying to integrate the new techniques into my own inverts and practice. I feel more control and awareness of my body in all aspects of my life. I love the look of my inverts!

What’s changed?

My chest is able to stay open! Inspired by the program, I train with the intention of more spine control and happy, mobile joints and my body responds by having more ability, fewer energy leaks, and an engaged supple body on the pole. Some of the biggest changes are happening in my lower back. It is the strongest it has ever been. I have been tucking my pelvis most of my life. Learning how to access my lower back and upper abs in squats, coupled with back breathing is changing my entire body and the way I walk and stand. My awareness of breath is also life-changing. I now know how to work a breath that is more complete. This will take some time to integrate but I already feel more sensation in my chest and pelvic floor.

Stephanie Webb - Report

Self-Study: Breath

Stephanie Webb

 

            I cannot remember where I first heard, “If you are able to breathe in a movement, you have mastery over that movement.” It seemed so accurate at the time, that I have repeated it in my own classes and have not thought to question it. I am in the throes of questioning it now in the context of breathing while inverting and doing other high level pole tricks.

            In teaching upper-level pole tricks, it is so common for students to hold their breath – it seems like a way of limiting external distractions, holding onto blessed focus, and making that new move happen. Students are literally moving their body as little as they can in order to feel a kind of control; however, holding the breath creates a stress response in the body, which can ultimately force the body to work harder for longer to perform the physical tasks being asked (Davis, Eshelman, & McKay, 2008). Gasping and then holding onto breath is a panic response, and it can also be indicative of a lack of self-awareness, as many individuals do not realize they are holding their breath until they feel the tension of not breathing (Davis, Eshelman, & McKay, 2008). Interestingly, putting too much focus on breathing can also create stress – people can experience a sense of not getting enough air or not breathing correctly if they are focused too hard on their breathing patterns (Davis, Eshelman, & McKay, 2008).

            If a student who is either holding their breath or focusing on it too hard can exacerbate their stress levels, compounding the stress of learning a new trick, would a student breathing naturally when executing a trick be demonstrating mastery? If so, how can we practice this without exacerbating their stress by adding too much focus?

            It is well documented that breath impacts various aspects of movement, such as our ability to maximize oxygen uptake during intense exercise (Pilacho, 2017). However, the way in which breathing impacts our internal pressure is more applicable to the nature of the question at hand. For example, in picking up heavy loads, Lamberg and Hagins (2010) suggest that individuals inhale right before lifting a heavy object and exhale while the object is in lift. This allows us to regulate the pressure in the chest with the exhale, while using the inhale to prepare the body for load. Especially applicable, when Lanberg and Hagins (2010) tested this with people lifting milk crates, they mirrored this breathing pattern.

            They chose lifting milk cartons because it was a heavy load, but it was manageable for participants, and it allowed researchers to measure breath. Arguably, the participants were effective at this task – an indicator of mastery (without going into the formal definition of mastery here).

            To apply this information to mastery of inversions in pole dancing, it is important we consider maximizing oxygen uptake and regulating abdominal pressure. My approach to managing stress would be to bring basic breath work activities to movements that students have to do often; they can practice mindful breathing in a way that does not induce stress. Then, it would be important to continue to cue intentional breathing while students build up skills. For example, making sure that students practice an inhale right before lifting a leg in an inverted tabletop on the pole, and then exhaling when they lift their leg to prepare for inversions.

            By approaching breathing on each step towards the inversion, students will build body awareness, and the movement will be naturally paired with intentional breath. As they move into higher level tricks, the goal would be for them to notice if they are not breathing, and either bring attention to that experience, or regress until they are able to regulate their breathing.

 

References

 

Davis, M., Eshelman, E. R., & McKay, M. (2008). The relaxation and stress reduction workbook. New Harbinger Publications.

 

Lamberg, E. M., & Hagins, M. (2010). Breath control during manual free-style lifting of a maximally tolerated load. Ergonomics53(3), 385-392.

 

Pilacho, R. (2017). Breathe In, Breathe Out…Breathing During Exercise. Engineering Exercise and Sports. Accessed: https://sites.udel.edu/coe-engex/2017/04/09/breathe-in-breathe-out-breathing-during-exercise/

Stephanie Webb - Case Studies

 

I.              Who are you working with?

 

To demonstrate completion, I recorded a timelapse of each session. I did not take specific video or pictures of before and after. The link above is all three time lapses grouped into one video.

 

For my second case study, I am working with my partner, Alex. He is always fiddling on my pole, and I asked him if he would be a willing participant in coaching – he agreed! He has a background in adult gymnastics, calisthenics, and dance.

 

II.            What their goals?

 

Alex’s primary goal was to invert with control. His secondary goal was to develop shoulder strength and mobility. He has had surgery to repair a torn shoulder cuff around 8 years ago, and he still feels as though his mobility is limited. He has done some FRC work with me, and specifically asked for more direct instruction as it would apply to pole.

 

III.          What are your goals?

 

I know Alex has the strength, so my goal was to push the connection between FRC principles and gymnastics with pole inverting.

 

IV.       What is your hypothesis/strategy?

 

I hypothesize that it will be easy for Alex to invert, but he might struggle with control on the negative and managing his shoulder mobility. It is my intention to pull him back early, as he tends to get excited and push too far, creating pain.

 

V.            Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

 

Session one:

·      Wall shoulder raises with a light band – he moved up and down and then circled his elbows to wake up his delts, lats, and rhomboids

·      Dead hangs on the horizontal pole with scap shrugs and circles

o   Alex was unable to isolate his scapula for shrugs and circles. It took us a number of times to make sense of this movement

·      Ring rows, ring planks, and ring leg lifts to warm up and engage the core, as well as encourage control in leg movements

·      Basic spins for grip strength and body awareness around the pole

·      Invert core prep – hold chicken wing position with leg lifts, echoing what was done on the rings but on the pole

·      Again, sorry for the camera angle: grounded invert prep. Starting on back with hips thrusted, one foot on the pole with knee driving toward head

·      Leg lifted iso holds in elevated reverse tabletop position

·      Basic inverts from elevated reverse tabletop

·      Basic invert!

 

Session two:

·      Scap shrugs and pull up hold

·      Inlocates and dislocates with a dowel

·      Wide leg squats and twists to warm up legs for compression

·      Pole squats to practice crucifix – discussion about knee pain because Alex has also had multiple knee surgeries from soccer and snowboarding injuries. Did some knee CARs

·      Invert prep with knee lifts

·      Grounded invert prep with leg lifts

·      Elevated reverse tabletop with knee lifts

·      Grounded outside leg hang

·      Side body stretches for cool down

 

Session three:

·      Shoulder CARs – I realized the camera was not recording when we moved to the rings. We completed individual arm, lightly weighted shoulder CARs, as well as swimmers on a block

·      Final scap shrugs on the rings

·      Rows and planks on rings

·      Pole ups with good shoulder form – no lifting traps to elevate

·      Hip tilts to isolate pelvis. Turns out, Alex likes to use his low back as a shoulder, popping his ribs. He struggles to isolate his pelvis.

·      Shoulder mount prep for a challenge

·      Inverted tabletop prep with leg lifts

·      Inverted tabletop shoulder mount prep with leg lifts

·      Outside leg hang – attempt at hanging without hands, did not enjoy this

 

VI.          Results of strategy:

 

I have worked with many students who have the raw power to invert – they have a solid fitness background and are used to inverts like handstands. Often, this creates a kind of cockiness that can be hard to breakdown. I want to bring a challenge, but still progress body awareness and pole skills appropriately.

 

Alex has the strength to throw his body around, but he needs to develop the foundational mobility to access his ranges of motion safely. For example, to create the torque he needs in a leg hang, we need to work to develop that internal/external rotation strength.

 

Alex was able to invert and even hold a leg hang, but was unwilling to let go. This told me that he is using mostly his upper strength, which will continue to tap his shoulders.

 

We were able to access new ranges of scap motion throughout the sessions – in the first, he was unable to make a circle with his scapula while hanging. In the last session, he could do this in any way I asked.

 

VII.        Concluding findings:

 

In this case study, I was able to teach someone how to invert for the first time with these methods. I incorporated simple strength moves that we often don’t have the opportunity to at the studio in a traditional pole class, and then graduate Amanda to the pole when she was properly warmed.

 

The sessions felt much more like personal training sessions than pole classes, which were really helpful for our goals. When teaching at a studio or in a class format, I will have to adjust to accommodate studio expectations of classes.

 

These sessions got me excited to offer workshops on inverts, where I can set up expectations to develop strength and body awareness first, and then move to the invert.

 

Again, unfortunately, I did not take before and after pictures. If you need them, I can take them now and add them.

 

VIII.      Reflection Questions:

 

Working with a partner presents a unique challenge of attention and authority. As a personal lesson, it was helpful to impress upon Alex that this was for a certification – he helped to keep me on track when I wanted to laugh and drink all the coffee in our morning sessions.

 

I am invested in my partner’s health and my investment reflected that. We would up talking a lot about opportunities for him to work more FRC into his trainings. I recommended Marisa Michelle, as she has a solid online program. Alex started working with her after our sessions.

 

I will apply what I learned about pre-existing strength in future classes. While a basic invert might be strong, it is important to assess shoulder strength and range of motion before advancing to shoulder mounts. I would like to try regressing my upper level students to a really difficult and slow basic invert, and then take that focus when we start to build shoulder mount skills. 

I.              Who are you working with?

 

To demonstrate completion, I recorded a timelapse of each session. I did not take specific video or pictures of before and after. The link above is all three time lapses grouped into one video.

 

I am working with Amanda in the first case study. She used to work with me at GenFit, where we worked on ring strength and inverting, mobility in her shoulders and hips, and general fitness. Her interest in Invert Ready is especially notable because she has never taken a formal pole class before. She has spent a lot of time with me playing on the pole in my apartment – but this is her first formal instruction!

 

II.            What their goals?

 

Amanda’s goal was to build upper body strength and feel stable holding herself on a pole. She regularly inverts on rings and fabrics, but she does not hold it long.

 

III.          What are your goals?

 

My goal is to translate ring skills to pole, taking some of the fear of pole away. I know Amanda’s body well, and I would also like to develop self-awareness of her scapula and spine.

 

IV.       What is your hypothesis/strategy?

 

I plan to do three different coaching sessions, gradually progressing to more and more pole in each. I will use rings, a horizontal pole, and a dowel to warm up and develop basic skills. Then, I will translate the basics to pole work.

 

V.            Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

 

Session one:

·      Scapular CARs

·      Spinal waves and undulations in all directions

·      Pelvic isolations

·      Hanging scap shrugs and static holds

·      Chin up hold, with attempts at slow negatives (x3) -> move to the pole for the same thing

·      Dead hangs in both pull up and chin up positions

·      Basic climb leg positioning and pole squats

·      Some spins – for fun and to play with grip and upper body strength

·      Climbs – again, for fun and to develop the basic skill of using her money spot (the place right above her knee) for climbing

·      Inverted table top leg ups on the pole to begin core engagement and inversion placement

 

Session two:

·      Scap shrugs both standing and hanging, including circles and dead hangs

·      Chin up holds and negatives

·      Ring plank with more scap work, paired with ring rows and scap circles

·      Inverted table top leg ups on the pole to begin core engagement and inversion placement

·      From the floor (sorry the camera was not in a good place for this) invert prep – getting the foot to the pole and lifting the other leg

·      Outside leg hang from the floor – in a hip thrust position, inside foot on pole, outside leg hang

 

Session three:

·      Dowel work – inlocates and dislocates, as well as rows and lat pulls

·      Pole squats and attempts at climbing

·      Basic spins – fireman and back hook for fun

·      Core work and a discussion about lower back pain

o   In this session, Amanda had pain around her left QL. I did the release Ken taught at Anthropoleogy! She was delighted and told me to teach her husband how to do it.

·      Inverts from an elevated inverted table top – she wanted to try this, and it didn’t go too well

·       Back to floor inverts!

·      Then an invert success from inverted table top on both sides

 

VI.          Results of strategy:

 

I didn’t take before and after photos, as I didn’t realize I needed these in addition to the videos. If you need me to get current photos, I can take them before the end of the month and provide them.

 

The strategy was effective for developing awareness about the shoulders and how to build strength over time. She was able to do a longer chin up hold in our third session.

 

She felt confident about attempting an invert, but was concerned about her low back – as I was too.

 

VII.          Concluding findings:

 

In this case study, I was able to teach someone how to invert for the first time with these methods. I incorporated simple strength moves that we often don’t have the opportunity to at the studio in a traditional pole class, and then graduate Amanda to the pole when she was properly warmed.

The sessions felt much more like personal training sessions than pole classes, which were really helpful for our goals. When teaching at a studio or in a class format, I will have to adjust to accommodate studio expectations of classes.

 

These sessions got me excited to offer workshops on inverts, where I can set up expectations to develop strength and body awareness first, and then move to the invert.

 

VIII.      Reflection Questions:

 

Working with Amanda has always been fun, and her eagerness to learn makes it easy to step into a teaching mindset and invest in her progress. I really enjoyed taking what I have known of her movement patterns and establishing a pole protocol for her.

 

I was able to use all of the toys that I play with regularly to plan her sessions. I did not expect for them to be so short. I had planned for around 60-90 minutes for each one, but Amanda was both physically pooped and had grip strength challenges. I adjusted for her last session, where we had to peel it back due to pain.

 

My investment in this training helped me to see how beginning with an end in mind and using more than a pole can aid in the development of the invert. I am excited to keep applying it and using these methods in classes where I can!

 

 

 

Stephanie Webb - Self Assessment

How did it look feel/function before?

 

Inverts/Leg Hangs: My inverts feel strong. I had to really focus on the basics of inverting when I started aerial pole. With the added risk of a floating, spinning pole, I slowed down my invert and worked to clean it up. That strength translated to a regular pole, and I have really enjoyed the power of the basic invert.

 

Pull up: My left shoulder has had a hitch in my pull up since I can remember. I stopped doing pull ups and slowly progressed back into them a few years ago to try to establish a smoother movement range. The break caused me to lose much of my strength, as I was able to do 12-15, and now I am down to 3. Good thing I don’t really ever need to do 12 pull ups.

 

How does it look/feel/function now?

 

Inverts/Leg Hangs: Invert Ready has given me tools to keep my invert strong without having to constantly drill inverts. My shoulder mounts are getting easier. I still don’t have a consistent aerial shoulder mount – I have a surgical history that makes this trick extra scary for me – but I hope that I will keep up my should mount skills and create ease through practice.

 

Pull up: While the hitch is still slightly visible, I feel stable. I have regressed to 1-2 strict pull ups at a time. I hang all the time. And I often do pull ups with the assistance of a band to make sure that my range of motion is supported when completing more reps. I feel more confident in fiddling with hanging and pulling up for the sake of fun, rather than strict demonstration of movement.

 

What’s changed?

 

Inverts/Leg Hangs: Before Invert Ready, inverts were typically a means to an end. I teach upper-level classes, and don’t usually focus on the invert – it is expected that students know how to invert. However, during this training, I intentionally focused on the skill, as well as the smaller skills that build to a strong invert. The creative drills and focus on the invert have helped me to break inverts down and bring attention to a skill I felt like I had mastered. 

 

Pull ups: My mindset has changed the most. As a gym owner, I felt as though I had to master technical movements like pullups. Now, I feel much more free to play and tinker. I actually don’t care at all how many pull ups I can do – I care that they feel good to do and that I am paying attention to my body.

Bop DiBenedetto - Case Studies

Who are you working with? What are their goals?

Marjen

Marjen did pole for 2 years, then took a 3ish year break (COVID). She grew up doing musical theater, and some tap and ballroom dancing. She also did some basic gymnastics/tumbling as a child. Marjen doesn’t really like going upside down and was taught the “just get your feet above your head” method of inverting. She has a tendency of overtraining and getting injured because of that.
Her goals include: inverting with control (no momentum), all splits and increasing all flexibility, gaining strength for overall performance, being kinder to herself and learning when to stop to prevent overtraining.

Sandi
Sandi did yoga for years before moving to Oregon. She started pole right before COVID, and has got back to it when Bliss opened. She states she’d like to work on overhead mobility in her shoulders and mobility in her calves.
Her goals include: being able to flow in and out of moves, and being able to access her arms when inverting (she feels like she’s “locked out”).

Emily
Emily has been doing pole on and off since 2019 (due to COVID lockdowns and injuries), she has no prior dance experience, but did swim team and still enjoys swimming. She hikes frequently and enjoys time spent outside.
Her pain points associated with pole include pain in the calf/inner knee when doing leg hangs and hamstring stretches, shoulder pain in some stretches (like puppy pose), and her hands getting stuck when she inverts.
Her goals include inverting smoothly with straight legs, and inverting without her hands getting stuck in her knee pit.

Lindsey
Lindsey grew up dancing (ballet, modern, etc) and playing soccer, and started pole in 2021. She occasionally has a pain flare behind her left knee when she stands up from a squat. When coming out of an invert straight down, she feels a strain in her upper back.
She wants to be able to flow in and out of moves and do inside leg langs.


What are my goals?

I hope to work with this group at least 4 times over the next few weeks. I want to help all of them improve their flow and build their basics. Everyone in this group is at different places, one is unable to safely invert while the rest are at different levels of inverting. I want to take them back to basics to build a level of awareness and strength to reach their goals. More specific goals include: have them get stronger at hanging/pull ups, have everyone have a solid pole hip bridge, have everyone be able to control/flow in and out of moves (especially hip bridge).

I want to instill the idea that pole and inverting is a process, not an outcome activity. They can (and will) meet their goals, but they may not do so completely within the next few weeks (and that’s completely ok!).


What is your hypothesis/strategy?

My strategy is to run exercises to build strength and awareness for about half the class, and drill fluidity and hip bridge/invert drill the remaining time.

I want to make sure to incorporate games/fun, encouragement and celebrating progress and asking questions so they start to notice what’s happening in their body, they know what their plan is for approaching movements, and I know if they feel as if they are getting something out of this.


Documentation of implementation of strategy

Session 1: Emily, Lindsey, Sandi, Marjen

For the first session, I talked about what I hoped to accomplish over the next few weeks, we talked about their goals/pain points. Then I went over the plan for the day. We started movement with reflexive core stability with a stick and foam rolling. I had them go through: T & L Spinal flossing, squats, forward hinge, chin-up and/or hang at the top, and invert (to OLH).

The class went well. Spinal flossing, squats and hip hinge were new and challenging, but everyone did really well. Marjen has an injured hand and found a way to loop the band around a dowel so the band wasn’t pressing into her hand, she was not able to invert or do a pull up. Lindsey did her first ever pull up, and was incredibly excited. As this was more of a set-up class, there wasn’t anything that didn’t “work” per say. I had to remind them that if they don’t have a flawless invert by the end, that is more than ok, as this is a process and we’re looking at building blocks, not a finished product.

Session 2: Emily, Lindsey, Sandi, Marjen

Class Plan: Warm up with the musical chairs block game block game. Spinal awareness by rolling up and down the wall. Hip and pelvis work: CARS and hip hinging. Upper body: Pole banded lat pull downs, passive/active hanging. Lastly, we’ll look at hip bridges on or off the pole (ability dependent), I’ll ask them their plan to get in and out of the move and ask them to half their speed on whatever they plan to do.

Notes: The cues for pulling hands apart (sheering forces) were helpful for everyone. Most people have a need for speed so I asked them to breath before they did a different move, it slowed them down a bit, and allowed them to remember to engage what they forget when they’re going too fast.

Session 3: Lindsey, Marjen, Sandi, Emily

Class Plan: Warm up with game/story (on a sinking ship in rough waters/using the subway).
Breathing in curled position with band around torso-work on 360 breathing, Serratus anterior press & quadrupedal hover, hanging/pull ups, hip bridges and inverts. Deeper dive into hip bridges and invert positioning, and talk about breathing and engagement while in these hip bridging/inverting.

Notes: Exercises before hip bridges went well. Emily has a tendency to jump her bottom leg to the pole and loses all posture when she jumps. Sandi loses her arm engagement as soon as her toe touches the pole. For both Emily and Sandi, we slowed down the invert and made sure they were secure and talked through the steps as they did them. Descending from inverts needs work as well, we spoke about watching toes touch the ground to descend with control.

Session 4: Emily, Sandi

Class Plan: Warm up with rolling. Spinal isolations- “walk” up spine, serratus anterior isolations, hanging/pull ups, squats, hip CARS, hip bridges

Notes: Spinal awareness is getting better for everyone; they are starting to be able to self-adjust when they move different parts of their spine in drills. They are able to hang for longer periods, and work on different hanging drills. Emily jumps much less and Sandi keeps her arms engaged throughout her invert now!
They need to work on being at a deeper decline position in hip bridges, and descending with control.

Session 5: Emily, Sandi

Class Plan: Warm up with rolling and random movements, spinal isolations, hanging/pull ups, hip CARS, lat pull downs, inverts and hip bridges-high focus on arms and moving with flow. Flow in and out of hip bridges and getting into chopper while focusing on arm placement.

Notes: Exercises are getting stronger and more controlled (especially hanging and pull ups!); they are self-correcting without prompting. When we went to hip bridges and inverts, I had Sandi and Emily talk each other through hip bridge to chopper. I rarely had to give any prompts or say anything-except reminding them to squeeze the hypothetical ketchup packets under their arms. Emily has stopped doing the leg/knee hitch to OLH (unless she’s tired).

Session 6: Marjen, Sandi

Class Plan: foam rolling, reflexive core stability w dowel, band spinal isolations, hanging/pull ups, squats/hip hinges, hip bridges/inverts-focus on descent and slow intentional movements

Notes: Sandi has gotten super strong with her inverts and we talked about inside vs outside leg hangs! Marjen is getting stronger in her hip bridge and is able to get her toe to the pole. Now that she’s able to hold the hip bridge and lift a leg, I had her try with a block. She’s getting more spinal awareness as well! Descending is still a process for everyone, I’ve been asking them to slide the foot that hits the ground first and watch it, as well as giving cues on body positioning on the way down.

Final Session: Marjen, Sandi, Emily, Lindsey

Class Plan: Warm up with ropes, take “after” photos/videos of T & L Spinal flossing, squats, forward hinge, chin-up and/or hang at the top, and inverts.

Notes: The final session went really well! Marjen is getting more comfortable, and the prep exercises are getting more solid, as is her hip bridge-She’s not ready to invert yet, as she’s still working on getting both feet off the floor. The other three have solid inverts and leg hangs, but they only remember to descend with control when I remind them.

Results of strategy:

Photos/videos in YouTube video

Student Feedback/reviews (copied and pasted what was sent to me):

Marjen
The warm ups were amazing, bringing joy and playfulness was so important, particularly because the material was challenging.  Being silly together built a sense of community and made it easier to be vulnerable and try (sometimes scary) new things in front of others.  

When we started, I could barely hang on the bar (even with the band, and bands are awesome and helpful!).  I'm not at a pull up yet, but the encouragement, guidance (bend the bar into a rainbow) and repetition have me hanging without the band for a decent amount of time, and I'm proud of that.

 

The isolations with the band really helped!  That was one of the most effective ways to develop body awareness.  

 

It is very strange to stare at yourself in the mirror and try to bend the correct way (maddeningly so).  Perhaps there's a way that's more hands on to help?  (ie you poking the upper and lower curve while we bend so we can better feel when we lose it?)  I sometimes felt very lost during this part.  

 

The invert/pole part: the tips like 'where you'd put a laundry basket' and 'alligators snapping at your butt' were very helpful (and silly, which helps when you are frustrated and tired).  The stools/block thing helped a lot, too.  

 

Sandi
I mean in general, breaking everything down focusing on where the pole was and all the work, we did on getting the feel of not only the pole position, but also maintaining the ribcage and the work we did with head and neck alignment was really helpful.

The repetition of everything was also very helpful.

But one of the biggest plusses for me was the insane levels of encouragement from you and Amberlee. Even when it wasn’t quite cooperating, I never felt like I couldn’t get myself there eventually, and that kept me motivated.

Emily
I found invert ready classes were eye opening and a much-needed way to re-learn how to invert. I am still working on strength while using the proper mechanics to invert, but I noticed such a dramatic difference in the feeling of being in control of the movement and not just going for it. I feel stronger holding an invert, and I am still working on the little lift at the end to get into a leg hang without getting my hand stuck. I also had NO IDEA that we used our back so much in a proper squat. I watched my butt wink virtually disappear when I pay attention to form and moving from my hips and not my back.

I would recommend teaching inversions this way, it was so hard to allow myself to re-learn something that took so long to figure out in the first place. But your support and instruction are always encouraging and pushed me to start small to get a better result in the end.

Lindsey
Spinal flossing was hard- but super helpful when you point out/ touch the section to move and remind me to slow down () inverts from the ground helped with conditioning and slowing down. The breathing out analogy helpful for finding the right position to be in.

Overall loved working on all of it

 

Concluding findings:

This case study taught me to trust the process, and remind others that pole is very much a process, not an outcome. Each week I got to see my students improving and getting stronger in both the conditioning exercises, as well as the hip bridges/inverts, even if they took time off. It has also taught me to be more aware of energy leaks, which has helped me when troubleshooting other pole moves with my other students.

Reflection Questions:

I took time to plan classes, and think about moves that would help my students work towards the goals they set at the beginning. I’m proud of the successes they have had, as well as being able to see and celebrate with them as they got stronger each week.

Marjen gained a lot of awareness and was telling me when she needs to not do anymore, to prevent injury. Her awareness has improved, as has all the moves we’ve worked on. I know that if she keeps practicing, she will get the controlled invert she wants.

Sandi has had massive improvements in her inverts. She’s able to invert without locking out her arms.

Emily looks stronger in inverts and does the hitch to get her knee over her hands less.

Lindsey missed a good chunk of sessions due to traveling and COVID. Her inverts are more fluid and can flow into them. She will keep working on flowing out, slowing down, as well as her ILHs.

Bop DiBenedetto - Report

Report (Requirement #2)

By Bop DiBenedetto

Near the beginning of IRC, I started experiencing shoulder pain and learned I had a slightly non-functioning/activating serratus anterior. Rehabbing my shoulder, being hypermobile, along with learning that I had little to no clue what the scapulothoracic joint actually did (or was) lead me to wanting to learn more about the scapulothoracic joint and how it glides around the thorax. This paper is an examination of the structures within the scapulothoracic joint, more specifically the layers from the scapula to the ribs (or the scapulothoracic joint sandwich as I visualize it-the bony structures are the bread, it makes more sense if you look at pictures of MRIs).

The scapulothoracic joint is a false joint. Joints are characterized by fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial tissue attachments to another bony structure[1]. The scapula is attached to the thorax by ligaments at the acromioclavicular joint, and suction provided by muscular attachments. The lack of bony attachments allows a wide range of movement[2]. The scapulae are separated from the ribs by: 2 muscles-the serratus anterior, and the subscapularis; 2 main bursae (not attached to any bony structure)-the scapulothoracic bursa, and the subscapularis bursa; and fascia-allowing for smooth gliding of the scapulae over the ribs and musculature[3]. Any movement of the scapula on the thorax is accompanied by movement of the acromioclavicular or sternoclavicular joints[4] (which is something I will not be covering in this paper).

The serratus anterior can be broken into three parts: the superior, middle, and inferior part. All 3 parts originate on the lateral side of the thorax, under the pectoral muscles. The superior part begins at ribs 1 to 2, and attaches to the superior angle of the scapula. The intermediate part begins at ribs 2 to 3 and attach to the medial border of the scapula. The inferior part begins at ribs 4 to 9 and attach to the medial inferior angle of the scapula. The inferior part is the most prominent and powerful. Beyond providing stabilization during shoulder elevation, and protraction, the serratus anterior lifts the ribs during respiration, and the inferior and superior parts act antagonistically for stabilization[5]. For example, when elevating your arm or inhaling, the inferior part allows the scapula to glide ventrolaterally around the ribs, while the superior part depresses the scapula, maintaining the suction of the scapula to the thorax.

Interesting (and slightly off-topic) tidbit about the serratus anterior: due to the movements controlled by this muscle (and the average person’s daily activities), a person using crutches often feels side pain. When a person is injured and needs to use crutches, they often feel like the crutches are rubbing against the side of their body and causing pain. The pain they experience is usually muscle soreness, due to the average person’s movement patterns not engaging the serratus anterior, rather than chafing.

The subscapularis is the largest muscle of the rotator cuff. It originates on the anterior surface of the scapula-more specifically the medial and lower two thirds groove on the lateral border[6]. The subscapularis attachment is complex. The muscle transitions to a tendon, with three distinct sections with different attachment areas. The superior part blends with the ‘biceps pulley system’, the middle part attaches to the lesser tuberosity, while the lower part is a less common muscular attachment to the lesser tuberosity of the proximal humerus[7]. It important in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint, internally rotating and adducting the humerus, and promotes coordination between the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints[8]

Bursae are tiny fluid filled sacs that allow gliding between structures throughout the body. Bursa are comprised of a very thin synovial membrane which surrounds (and produces) synovial fluid-which is lubricating fluid for the joint (like joint WD-40). Bursae are divided into 3 types: synovial, superficial, and adventitious/accidental. Synovial bursae are located between bones and muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Superficial bursae are located just below the skin. Adventitious bursae develop when repeated irritation occurs[9]. The scapulothoracic joint contains 2 synovial bursae and around 4 adventitious bursae. The scapulothoracic (or infraserratus) bursa is located between the serratus anterior and the chest wall. The subscapularis (or supraserratus) bursa is located between the subscapularis and serratus anterior muscles[10]. The minor 4 bursae (adventitious), when found, are scattered around the inferior margin of the scapula[11],[12].

Fascia is a multi-layer tissue, with liquid (hyaluronan) between the layers. It surrounds every organ, blood vessel, bone, nerve fiber, and muscle, and keeps them in place[13]. Fascia has 3 fundamental structures: superficial, deep, and muscle related layers. Superficial fascia is comprised of loose connective tissue containing webs of collagen and some fibers of elastin. Deep fascia is formed by a connective membrane that is devoid of fat and sheaths all muscles, nerves, vessels, and various organs and glands. The Muscle-related layers is the fascia that encloses each muscle and is involved with the tension between the muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs[14].

Focus on the scapula as a solution and cause for shoulder pain is relatively new (within the past 25-ish years). The scapula itself has 17 muscles that attach to or originate from it and is massively important in stabilization and assisting in wider range of movement in the shoulder (lifting the arm overhead would not be possible without it). While it’s easy to say that a specific muscle does one thing (like serratus anterior responsible for punching), a whole complex of muscles must work in concert to make a movement possible and stable (video with muscle pulling elves on Scapular Force Couple demonstrating this). To sum up the anatomy of the scapulothoracic joint in sandwich-layer terms: scapula-> subscapularis->bursa(e)->serratus anterior->bursa->ribs, with fascia surrounding the structures, and ligaments connecting muscles to the bones.

Understanding joint movements and anatomy is helpful for my own movement, awareness, and knowledge; and by extension my ability to coach. Awareness of one’s own body can be learned a myriad of ways, through movement, tactile and verbal cueing, knowledge of anatomy, and more. People learn different ways, my ability to explain what I’m asking them to do, and understanding what they are actually asking me, is greatly improved if I have knowledge of the body and its mechanics. Since this research, I have already found myself more aware of my scapulothoracic joints, what muscles are activating, and what structures are gliding over each other each time I do conditioning or rehab exercises.


[1] Physiopedia: Scapulothoracic Joint

[2] Paine, Russ, and Michael L Voight. “The role of the scapula.” International journal of sports physical therapy vol. 8,5 (2013): 617-29.

[3] Medscape: Scapulothoracic Joint Pathology

[4] "Scapulothoracic Joint." Physiopedia, . 29 Aug 2019, 19:53 UTC.

[5] KenHub: Serratus Anterior Muscle

[6] Aguirre K, Mudreac A, Kiel J. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Subscapularis Muscle. [Updated 2021 Aug 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-.

[7] Sports Injury Bulletin: As the shoulder turns: understanding the subscapularis-Part 1

[8] KenHub: Subscapularis Muscle

[9] Arthritis-health: What is a Bursa?

[10] Merolla G, Cerciello S, Paladini P, Porcellini G. Snapping scapula syndrome: current concepts review in conservative and surgical treatment. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2013 Jul 9;3(2):80-90. doi: 10.11138/mltj/2013.3.2.080. PMID: 23888290; PMCID: PMC3711706.

[11] Acar N. Low-energy versus middle-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the treatment of snapping scapula bursitis. Pak J Med Sci. 2017 Mar-Apr;33(2):335-340. doi: 10.12669/pjms.332.12262. PMID: 28523033; PMCID: PMC5432700.

[12] Frank RM, Ramirez J, Chalmers PN, McCormick FM, Romeo AA. Scapulothoracic anatomy and snapping scapula syndrome. Anat Res Int. 2013;2013:635628. doi: 10.1155/2013/635628. Epub 2013 Nov 28. PMID: 24369502; PMCID: PMC3863500.

[13] John’s Hopkins Medicine: Muscle Pain: It May Actually Be Your Fascia

[14] Thomas Findley, Hans Chaudhry, Antonio Stecco, Max Roman, Fascia research – A narrative review, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, Volume 16, Issue 1,2012,Pages 67-75,ISSN 1360-8592

Bop DiBenedetto - Self-Assessment

1. Complete a before and after analysis of you OWN invert, OLH + ILH and chin-up.

How did it look feel/function before?
Going into inverts and leg hangs was always effortful, and I knew they looked as clunky as they felt. I developed a feeling of dread whenever I needed/was asked to invert. I always had to do the leg hitch to get the pole in the right place. When I would come out of an invert, I would get a searing pain down my back. I eventually gave up on inverts and got into the moves I wanted by dropping down into leg hangs from a climb, and doing a leg switch from OLH to get to ILH.

ILH March 2018: When I aerial inverted to ILH, my entire upper body/head/neck was curled and I didn’t allow my torso to open after hooking my leg.
OLH January 2020: My head is thrusting forward (a lot), and I stopped engaging my arms and back as soon as my leg comes in contact with the pole, I had to leg hitch to get into the knee pit.
Chin ups February 2018: I’ve historically felt good about chin ups. I worked up to doing 5 in a row in 2018

How does it look/feel/function now?
I no longer get searing pain down my back, and each time I go to invert, I’m able to check my mental list (rather than feeling dread). I’m still working on making inverts smooth and effortless, but I’m happy that each time I practice they feel better, and I can leg hook without the hitch. I’m still thrusting my head forward and not opening my chest enough (but better than before).

Chin ups are more difficult than they were 4 years ago, but I am working on hanging and chin up drills to be able to do full sets again.                                      

What’s changed?

My inverts are more fluid, I can move into and through them. I am working on keeping my head back and ribs closed. I know what I need to work on, so I’m no longer frustrated and attempting any suggestion throw at me in an attempt to fix my invert. I can pinpoint what is weak or in the wrong position, and I can work on the exercises to correct the energy/movement leaks.

Chin ups: The cues for bending the bar are helpful, as well as passive hanging drills.

Videos from July/August 2022

Karen Lehman - Case Studies

Karen Lehman

Case Study #1 Documentation

Client -  Jessie

YouTube Video LINK

Clients history and pain points. - Jessie is young and healthy, with no history of serious pain or injury. She is BRAND NEW to pole, so she has no pre-existing habits to break or re-learn! She works full time as a middle school librarian, and part-time as an art instructor at a local business which pairs painting with wine tasting. She is married, with no children. She loves exploring the arts in her free time, and is currently involved in many forms of dance, and aerial hammock work. She also loves performing, and is passionate about costumes and loves Halloween! She is an ideal, open and eager student!

Include before/after photo/video of

T + L spinal flossing - 1st class we did this for first time, and continued some version in all classes

Squat - no real history with this but did in all 3 classes

Chin-up (or attempt) we did some of these on the pole in the first 2 classes, then in the 3rd class we met at my house where I have a chin up bar. She has a home aerial rig that she plans to begin practicing her chin-ups on

Invert (whatever version they are closest to) - no history, but worked on this in all 3 session

OLH (BM+ILH optional) - starting looking at a grounded OLH

Feel free to include anything else you would like to track progress on (forward hinge, shoulder mobility etc.…) - we have focused some time in each lesson on shoulder and spinal mobility, positioning and strength



II. What are their goals?

Find out their movement goals (especially in regards to pole + inverting-related stuff). I can provide guidance w/ what to ask later on.

Jessie is brand new to pole! She is someone whom I have known through a burlesque dance group, which does not involve pole work. She has seen my IG videos from doing pole, and has been interested in learning anything on pole. She is wanting to learn it all - dancing with heels, tricks, spins and inverts. She is overall healthy, and has had success in learning Hammock Silks previously. She hopes to build a foundation to keep growing and learning and progressing in pole. She was open to whatever I wanted to teach, and was excited to begin!

III. What are your goals?

Based on who you’re working with and what their goals are, where do you hope to get them?

Jessie is interested in all things pole. She wants to build a healthy foundation for safe pole dancing, performing. This will include spins and inverts. I honestly just wanted to assess where she was at with strength and positioning, and build from there. My goal is for her to build an understanding of how to use her body safely and strongly on the pole, and to gain a sense of confidence and self-efficacy as she journeys through pole.

IV.What is your hypothesis/strategy?

How do you plan to approach coaching them? What methods will you use? 

1st step is an assessment of body awareness, strength, and mobility related to spine, shoulder joint, and hip joint

Building proprioceptive awareness of spinal differentiation and isolation

Building proprioceptive awareness of shoulder and hip joint positions and engagement of muscles surrounding these joint areas

Training the foundations of strong positions in the invert exercises - bringing awareness to energy leaks;

Conditioning exercises - squats, chin ups, pole pull ups

Ongoing and initial assessment of needs

Balancing challenges with fun! Helping her feel successful each class, by finding the right pacing of information presented. Not wanting her to be either bored or overwhelmed, but somewhere in between

V. Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

What actually happened in each session? What did you do? How did it go? What worked? What didn't?  [include media documentation]

Week 1 - see corresponding video

Jessie came to the pole studio for a group class that I was modeling after “Invert Ready” for beginners. She had agreed ahead of time to participate and videotape herself. Due to studio constraints the class was only 60 minutes. The studio does not have horizontal bars for chin-ups.

PLAN and ASSESS - I wanted to use Jessie’s first official session as a way to really dive into some of the IR body awareness exercises, particularly “spinal differentiation” and awareness of shoulder and hip joint positioning and mobility. I planned to use these exercises as a way to assess where she was at, and what would be the most useful progressions from her starting point.

We began with some shoulder mobility - use yoga straps and elastic bands to make circles with the arms. We also did the intense wall roll down, and spinal flossing with the elastic band (for about 8 minutes). Then we did some chair squats to practice positioning and full muscle engagement in the legs and hip joint. I experimented with some version of a pole pull-up/chin-up, which first involved standing and trying to pull the pole apart, as a way of teaching muscle engagement and also shoulder positioning.

With both the chair squat, and pole pull apart exercise, I brought attention to “ramping up” the efforting… counting from 1-10.

60 minutes is a short amount of time to include all of this awesome “off the pole” stuff! It took at least 40 minutes! At first, I actually felt kind of “bad” that people were coming to learn pole, and we were doing this very unusual stuff for most of the class!!!

But to my surprise, no one complained! Jessie was in a group of complete pole beginners. If anything they were fully engaged and motivated! And then, in the last 20 minutes when we did move to the poles to practice the bridge positioning, their positions were AMAZING!!! They actually needed very little cuing and correcting! The 40 minutes of off the pole exercises is way more than I normally would do in these 60 minute classes, but it was apparently extremely helpful for finding good positioning in the bridge invert prep!!

On the pole I introduced the sliding down into the bridge - building body awareness, proper positioning, and muscle engagement. This is where I first remembered to introduce the “rib tuck vs. flare” concept. We did this a few times on each side, and it went really really well. Jessie had great form, focus and engagement. Her effort level was high, and her attitude was positive and open. I also taught her how to “exit” an invert before actually learning to invert. The exit I taught was pulling the belly into the pole. “Pull the pole across the belly.” I felt she was ready to try an OLH, while keeping the inside leg on the floor. I showed her how to find the OLH while laying on the floor in an elevated hip bridge. I also introduced how to use the foot to push the crotch up to the pole, so that the leg hook position is easier to find. She was successful in all of these things– she felt really good, surprised, and excited!!!

Overall, Jessie’s first class went really well. She was open, eager, focused and engaged. She was really an ideal student, as she had great body awareness, as well as some pre-existing strength and flexibility - at least enough to do the exercises that were presented.

The pole pull-up exercise that I introduced in this class was not helpful, however! It was too challenging. I introduced the step into a spin on the static pole, with a pull-up. I don’t know what I was thinking, as this is even challenging for me! When this assessment showed that we needed to find more appropriate exercises, we used some Overcoming Isometrics - pulling the pole apart, as a way to meet the goals of building strength while maintaining position. Before our next meeting, I reviewed some of the IR course videos and found more appropriate pole pull up exercises - I also had my second group “office hours” with Marlo and she gave some better suggestions that I used in Session 2 with Jessie!

Week 2 - see corresponding video

Again, Jessie came to the pole studio for a group class that I was modeling after “Invert Ready” for beginners. She had agreed ahead of time to participate and videotape herself. Due to studio constraints the class was only 60 minutes. The studio does not have horizontal bars for chin-ups. We met for the 2nd time exactly one week after the first session

ASSESS - I did a check in to see how she had felt after her first class, and she reported feeling happy and excited by the progress she made. She also really enjoyed this teaching method, because she left feeling aware and more knowledgeable about her body and how it works in movement, and particularly pole. She also noticed fatigue and soreness from the intensive muscle activation, but saw this as a good sign! And on a final note she really enjoyed the spinal mobility and awareness exercises.

PLAN - Given this positive feedback, and the success of the previous week, I wanted to reinforce the learning from last week, solidify it, and build on it. I also wanted to find some more appropriate “chin up/pull up” exercises. My final plan was to continue progressing towards inverts, particularly in reviewing and strengthening the OLH and the exit from the invert. I wanted to also add some hip flexor strengthening exercises, since she was beginning to lift the leg from the floor for an OLH - and similar to most people found it somewhat challenging to keep the front of the body and hips open while lifting the OL.

I showed her how to use a foam roller to differentiate and move different parts of the spins, and how this could also create a feeling of chest opening. We also used the foam roller for a hip flexor strengthening exercise. 

At the pole I introduced a new Overcoming Isometric exercise, using a yoga strap around the pole - bend arms with elbows towards ribs, try to pull pole towards you, keeping proper shoulder, chest, rib, and pelvic position. 5-10 second ramping up effort to pull.

I taught some more useful “pole pull up” exercises this week. With a rubber bandit wrapped around the pole, top of head height; position hands on and above the band, pull elbows down while trying to pull the pole down from the ceiling – start on the toes, and using the pulling down motion to raise yourself onto your tip toes. Jessie was surprised that she was able to do this – all while keeping chest lift, shoulders down, back of armpit squeeze, neutral pelvis, rib tuck. Jessie surprised herself by being able to pull herself to the tips of her toes. We tried this same thing with a yoga block between the pole and pelvis to help keep body off pole - it helped her to elevate her toes off the ground. I also showed Jessie a pole pull up with knees on the floor. Pulling knees off the ground while keeping feet on the ground. Overall Jessie felt quite successful with these new pull up exercises, and was super pleased to lift herself off the ground!

We spent about 25-30 minutes with these initial off the pole exercises, then moved onto the pole where we reviewed the bridge position, sliding down through bridge from standing. We also reviewed leg hook position while in a floor bridge. I should note that it was a hotter than usual day, and our studio has no AC, so she was slipping a lot on the pole! But overall, in the second week, Jessie’s inverts were much more strong, and confident. She self-corrected a lot of her positioning, too. She even, on her own, would have focus and intention before beginning an invert. I observed some great pulling and positioning in the upper body and back. 

New material included introducing a standing leg hook, and hinging down into the invert, just as a way of really engaging the hooked leg. She had a great strong leg hook here, but it was hard to keep the upper body open during the transition down, which is understandable. We did this a small number of times and the main focus was the hooking leg, so that goal was met!

We then looked at an invert to chopper from a slightly higher position by pushing the inside foot into the ground; and then hooking the outside leg immediately. This was also successful - some great pulling, and more ease on moving into the OLH

The exit from the invert is still a challenge; but I would like to keep encouraging the pulling belly towards pole for safety reasons, and perhaps immediately placing a foot onto the floor (the outside foot)

Reviewing the previous work, as well as adding some newer and more challenging concepts kept Jessie engaged, as well as reinforced and added to her previous learning. She had noticeably greater comfort with the inverts this week!

Week 3 - see corresponding video

Jessie had been unable to meet on Sundays for the past 4 weeks, at the studio. So I invited her to my home, where I actually have a pull up bar! This was exciting because, she was my only client and I could focus completely on her, and we would also get to work some chin-up/pull-up exercises!

We had had a 4 week gap since our previous sessions, so I just started with a check in on how she and her body were feeling, as well as what she remembered from our previous sessions. Overall she was feeling good, but tired, as she had returned to her job as the middle school librarian, now that the schools were back in session. When I asked her what stood out for her from our previous sessions, she remarked that a lot of the “external cues” I had used had made a big difference, particularly when I suggested she “pull the pole out of the ceiling” this had helped her lift her weight off the ground in pullup modifications on the pole. She also felt like the overall body awareness had been helpful.

We warmed up with some shoulder mobility and spinal mobility, then moved to the Horizontal bar, where we first explored passive arm hangs and shoulder shrugs. Then I used the thickest rubber bandit for an assisted chin up. This was quite challenging so we then used the bandit for an eccentric, lowering down chin up. We discussed ways that she could train these concepts at home - she was going to share them with her husband who was also excited to train chin-ups/pull ups! I ended by just demonstrating spinal movements during passive arm hangs. Also, the hand grip was challenging (very normal!) so we discussed the benefits in building grip strength from passive arm hangs with shoulder elevation.

At the pole we reviewed some of the previous exercises that she had found helpful for building awareness, strength and positioning: 1) overcoming isometric with cue to pull pole in 2 different directions, hands near base of ribs, 2) hands above head with cue to pull pole out of ceiling, lifting onto tips of toes. She has great focus and engagement in these exercises.

We then reviewed bridge positioning, and the steps into inverting from the floor. She was surprised by the ease and how much she remembered with the 4 week absence. We reviewed in greater depth the concept of internal rotation to external rotation of the leg for OLH; as well as how to transition from a foot pushing the crotch higher up the pole into an OLH with ease and fluidity

We ended with an intro to fan kicks, a way of using all of the concepts - position, engaging muscle activation, pulling the pole across the body… while adding in a more complex and dynamic movement pattern. She found this a fun way to end, and also was able to begin applying the upper body positioning and muscle activation to this move – it was also a useful way of learning how to find the waist hold position during a dynamic movement.

VI. Results of strategy: Share feedback from your clients. …  Jessie reported that she enjoyed and benefited from this process. She appreciated the details and clarity of the approach. She felt that information was presented at the right pace, not too much and not too little. She enjoyed the explanations for “why” we were doing both the off the pole, and on the pole exercises. She reported an increased understanding of body mechanics, and how we can prevent certain overuse injuries in pole (and other areas of life) by creating greater body awareness and thoughtfulness as we execute movements. She enjoyed the stepwise progression which allowed her to do some things which ended up surprising her!

VII. Concluding findings: Explain what this case study has taught you and how it can help other people. — 

The most important thing I’ve learned from the process of working with a complete beginner to pole is that the Invert Ready methodology really works!!! Really! When you think about it, nobody else does all of this “off the pole” learning. Beginners are usually put on the pole immediately, often in heels!... When I first took the student version of IR, I did not readily see how a lot of the “exercises” actually related to the pole. But over the many hours of taking IR twice, and then the IRC course; I’ve personally felt and seen in others the importance of all of the learning.

I had moments throughout the IRC course where I felt overwhelmed by the sheer volume of information. Seriously, there is a lot! And each session was 3 hours. Our “warmup” and off the pole training was usually more than an hour. At my studio, as an instructor I am limited to a 60 minute class. I often wondered how I would create an effective IR modeled course within a 60 minute limitation. But the Portland training really helped to “consolidate” the theory and model, and gave me practical methods of how to put things together in 60 minutes!!! Fortunately I began working with Jessie after the Portland weekend. I feel like through this particular case study I have developed a great foundational model for teaching Pole Beginners about Inverts, but really it is important for ALL things Pole. 

I also started having the confidence to begin each session with a check in. Asking Jessie “what stood out for you in our last class/session?”... Because, quite often, what stood out for ME may not be the same as what stood out for HER or other students! But also, I feel like adding in this layer of self-reflection for students can reinforce their mental schema or understanding of the learning. 

So, I’d say I have gained greater clarity and confidence, of how to  - a) assess where a student is at, b) what are the important basic foundations for starting pole, c) progressions (both down and up) for meeting the foundational goals, d) a whole plethora of exercises and information I can continue to tap into to keep growing as a teacher.

VIII. Reflection Questions: Did you invest yourself in this process? What are you proud of in this process? —- Yes! Definitely! I feel like I kind of answered this in the question above… But to add on to what I have already said, I feel a great sense of integrity and authenticity in teaching people how to invert. I know a lot more about inverting that I did before taking these IR courses, and it has impacted me profoundly. With this confidence, I am able to be more fully present in observing students.  This enables me to meet students where they are at, and to use the foundation of knowledge to address their needs, as well as to be really curious about what they are wanting out of pole, and to self-reflect on what the learning process has been like.

Clients history and pain points  - Steph is young and healthy (20’s). She works full time during the week at a mostly seated and desk-based job with an emphasis on Social Work. She is single with no children. During the pandemic Steph taught herself how to sew, and now she is an amazingly accomplished seamstress - she creates gorgeous pole performance clothing! She started learning to pole dance during the pandemic around March of 2021. She quickly became the student who was attending the most classes of anyone at our studio each week, really immersing herself in all things pole! I resumed in-person teaching at our studio in July of 2021, and Steph quickly became a regular. My class focused on what I considered at the time to be pole foundational elements that generally were not being taught in other classes at our studio. 

By that time I had taken the first public offering of Marlo’s initial “Invert Ready” course in earlier 2021. Because this course had such a significant impact on my own strength, body awareness, and understanding of inverts, I began using and teaching many of these concepts in my classes, and quickly saw improvements in strength and position of the students who attended regularly. They were happily reporting changes in their strength and awareness, as well, and seeing the impact on their pole work. I also had some of my regular students reporting that mine were the only classes where they did not feel hurt or injured after attending. I have had a group of “regular” students who attend my weekly Sunday classes religiously (our studio owner calls it “the Church of Karen” LOL). 

Before taking the Invert Ready Coach training, my approach to teaching the Invert Ready ideas and exercise was less organized, as I had yet to really conceptualize the learning for myself. Yet I wanted to document the progress of one of the regular students who reported benefitting from the teachings. Steph came to pole with no prior experience with dance or movement, as well as no strength training. But she had tons of excitement, focus and motivation for all things pole. Unfortunately, in the few months of pole before she came to work with me, she had not received any safe or in-depth invert training, hence the significant injuries, and faulty self beliefs about her pole limitations.

I have observed profound improvement in Steph’s inverts and pole skills over the past year. When I first began working with her one year ago, she commonly experienced muscle strain and injury. She also had low confidence and fear for a number of moves. She loved the “invert ready inspired” method of teaching that I was using, and eagerly volunteered to be a part of this final project! I was also excited to record her moving through 3-4 well-organized post-Portland sessions!

Include before/after photo/video of -T + L spinal flossing, Squat, Chin-up (or attempt), Invert (whatever version they are closest to), OLH (BM+ILH optional), Feel free to include anything else you would like to track progress on (forward hinge, shoulder mobility etc.…)


II. What are their goals?

I originally emailed Steph asking her to participate in my final project. In the email I asked her what her initial goals had been when we first started working together one year ago, and what her current pole goals were now.

Some of my goals were mainly related to inverting. Learning not to kick up to invert. The only injuries I have ever had throughout my pole journey (1.5+ years) have been during an invert. At the beginning of my pole journey, I was so determined to invert, it did not matter how I got up. Then once I got up from the ground, I wanted to learn aerial inverts. Aerial inverts caused my second injury. Every time I would invert it felt as if I was yanking on my back. Inverting has been /(still partially is) the ugly part of any trick combo I attempt. Inverting is the piece I tend to fast forward to get to the "tricks" part of my combos. I wanted/still do want to make inverting look and feel effortless. 

Some of my current goals still relate to inverting. I want to be able to do inverts on the ground with straight legs and pointed toes. I want to continue learning how to properly (meaning really grasping the technique) execute inverts from different transitions such as on the ground spins, aerial static rotations, positions like Jamila and prancing, and other neat ways! I want to really focus more on static rotations and how to make my body move in ways that give the illusion I am on spinner. I want to be able to complete beautiful aerial inverts through different transitions. Chopper or "wheel downs" are ones I have seen that look so beautiful! 

Inverting and hooking my outside leg on spinner pole is another big one. However, I feel like once I have mastered inverting aerially on static (I will have a sweeter time mastering inverting on spinner). These moves feel so much heavier on a spinning pole. 

Inside leg hooks is another one. Like inverting, anything involving inside legs is heavily rushed because my body is not yet comfortable or confident in this position. 

Practicing both sides is another goal, hehe. 

My last and overall goal is proper technique in all things related to pole. I was once listening to a pole podcast where the person being interviewed was asked what differentiates a beginner poler and an advanced poler. The person replied  "technique". She mentioned how even having a Jazmin can make you look advanced if you have proper technique when executing the move. 

III. What are your goals?

Based on who you’re working with and what their goals are, where do you hope to get them?

My initial goals when I first began working with Steph (and the other students) in July of 2021 were primarily injury prevention, which would involve teaching new habits of inverting by building strength and body awareness and positioning.

Once I was more immersed in the IRC training, and I had a fuller understanding of the concepts, my goals for Steph became more specific:

Improve shoulder joint positioning

Focus on “ramping up” muscle activation, focus on pre-engaging muscles

Improve step one of Invert “focus”, and the last step “the exit”

IV.What is your hypothesis/strategy?

How do you plan to approach coaching them? What methods will you use?

Even though I had been employing the Invert Ready concepts with Steph for about one year, it had been less organized, a bit of a “patchwork” presentation. After the Portland weekend training, the Invert Ready theoretical approach, as well as how to implement it became more solidified for me. I was excited to go back to the foundational exercises of IR - spinal differentiation through spinal flossing, shoulder mobility, thoracic mobility, squats, chin ups/pull ups, 360 degree breathing, external cueing, bridge positioning, and detailed OLH exercises.

Despite the fact that Steph and the other Sunday regulars have been presented with these exercises at various times over the past year, a good revisit with a more thorough explanation and presentation (the “why” of the exercise), can really help a student understand a move more fully. My plan was to almost “start from the beginning” - by revisiting the foundations in a cohesive manner, and to use these exercises as an assessment of where Steph was after more long term exposure to this methodology, to hone in on the individual challenges she was facing, and implement various methods of focusing in on these challenges.

V. Documentation of Implementation of strategy:

What actually happened in each session?  What did you do?  How did it go? What worked? What didn't?

Session 1 - (see accompanying video linked above)

Steph came to the pole studio for her usual weekly group class with me, that I had been  modeling after “Invert Ready” for a number of months. She had agreed ahead of time to participate in a focused 3-session project for my Invert Ready final and agreed to videotape herself. Due to studio constraints the class was only 60 minutes. The studio does not have horizontal bars for chin-ups.

PLAN and ASSESS - I wanted to use Steph’s first “official final project session” as a way to really dive into some of the IR body awareness exercises, particularly “spinal differentiation” and awareness of shoulder and hip joint positioning and mobility. I planned to use these exercises as a way to assess where she was at currently, and to see where we could best focus the remaining sessions for her.

We began with shoulder mobility - use yoga straps and elastic bands to make circles with the arms. We also did the intense wall roll down (which took about 5-6 minutes), following by 360 degree breathing and spinal flossing with the elastic band (for about 8-10 minutes). Then we did some chair squats to practice positioning and full muscle engagement in the legs and hip joint. I have been training Steph in pole pull-ups for a number of months, and she has shown tremendous improvement in this area, in both strength and position. Today we reviewed in greater detail than usual the shoulder positioning and muscular activation, using an overcoming isometric (OI), cuing her to “pull the pole apart”. With both the chair squat, and pole pull apart exercise, I brought attention to “ramping up” the efforting… counting from 1-10. We then included pole pull-ups, after warming up with the OI exercise.

60 minutes is a short amount of time to include all of this awesome “off the pole” stuff! It took at least 40 minutes in this class! At first, I actually felt kind of “bad” that people were coming to learn pole, and we were doing this very unusual stuff for most of the class!!! I usually do approximately 25-30 minutes of “warm-ups” in this class, but it often involves more “on the pole” type of warming up.

But to my surprise, no one complained! These more experienced students, including Steph, reflected that a lot of these exercises made even more sense now than they had many months ago! Steph, and the other students have really enjoyed these opportunities to “focus” on their muscle efforting, and body positioning. They have reflected a number of times that this is what they enjoy most about my classes!

Remaining 20 minutes or so were spent “on the pole” reviewing in detail the fundamentals of inverting, while reflecting back on all of our previous conditioning and warm up exercises. We did the waist hold bridge slide down to the floor, the belly on the pole exit from this move, the low waist hold invert without jumping, as well as both OLH and ILH

As you will see in the videos, Steph’s body awareness, control, positioning and strength have improved tremendously from her “before” video. She inverts and exits beautifully, elegantly, with strength, confidence and control on BOTH sides with both OLH and ILH. LIke many students (including myself) she tended to just invert into her dominant side OLH

From this detailed class, I observed that many of her foundations were solid and strong. I also observed that even though she could exit slowly, with control, she also had a tendency to lose that strong, safe exit once she began to execute more complicated moves; but would instead find some more precarious exits. There was also a tendency to lose the shoulder positioning towards the end of class or again when the movements became more complicated.  Therefore, I thought we could bring more attention to strong, focused exits, and consistent shoulder positioning and conditioning in the upcoming classes. 

Session 2 - (see accompanying video linked above)

Steph came to the pole studio for her usual weekly group class with me, that I had been  modeling after “Invert Ready” for a number of months. She had agreed ahead of time to participate in a focused 3-session project for my Invert Ready final and agreed to videotape herself. Due to studio constraints the class was only 60 minutes. The studio does not have horizontal bars for chin-ups.

My goal for this week was to focus in great detail on 1) shoulder awareness and positioning, as well as using “pre-engagement” as a way to ramp up and tune in to engaging muscles around the shoulder area during inverts and exits, and 2) to consistently be thoughtful and attentive to the exit particularly when executing more complex invert work

We actually warmed up with that fun partner exercise we had done in Portland with the ropes - the one where we explore different shoulder positions by keeping the rope taut between 2 people. With these experienced students it was a fun and engaging exercise, as they had awareness and confidence to explore various ranges of shoulder positioning. Our studio does not have the cool ropes that we played with in Portland, so we used Yoga Straps, which led to more hand fatigue than the knotted ropes! But anyway, this was a fun, playful and engaging shoulder warm-up!

We then spent a bit more time really examining the shoulder position during pole pull-ups. We began on the knees, with a leg-assisted pull-up - pulling up the body to raise the knees off the floor while keep the feet connected, minimizing the amount of body weight being lifted, giving more opportunity to tune in to shoulder positioning. Focusing on pre-engagement of the muscles was reviewed in detail as well. I then added a rubber banditz to the pole to help with pole grip, to again enable Steph to focus on her shoulder positioning during the pull-ups. And then another pull-up involved, starting on “tip toes” pulling down on the pole and pulling self up to “tippy-tippy toes” - this micro-lift again really helps dial in the focus on the muscle engagement

We reviewed the Phase 9 of the Invert - the Exit! Finding a slow exit from any Leg Hook, by slowing down, and pulling the pole across the belly, finding moments to pause in the exit, fixing the position of the spine, shoulders, and chest in those moments as well. Steph noticed that reminding herself that this was actually “phase 9” of the invert helped her remember to use it every time she inverted. We both acknowledged that this was also a great way to keep building strength!

Near the end of session #2, Steph acknowledged that the detailed focus on shoulders and exits was extremely helpful, and important area in which she wanted to continue focusing and improving - so she had found all of the exercises helpful. 

I do wish I had more than 60 minutes each week, to fit more into these classes, but again, I saw that Steph and the other students were appreciated the detailed conditioning and positioning work, and were not left feeling like we “didn’t do enough on the pole”.

Session 2 - (see accompanying video linked above)

Steph came to the pole studio for her usual weekly group class with me, that I had been  modeling after “Invert Ready” for a number of months. She had agreed ahead of time to participate in a focused 3-session project for my Invert Ready final and agreed to videotape herself. Due to studio constraints the class was only 60 minutes. The studio does not have horizontal bars for chin-ups.

For this 3rd official Final Project session, I wanted to continue to focus on shoulder positioning and exits; but to apply it to more complex pole movements; which Steph is doing in most of her other classes. 

For the warmup, we again focus on shoulder positioning and conditioning. Because I had been researching and writing a report on “Overcoming Isometrics” (OI’s) as my “interest area”, we used some OI’s for the warm-ups - not only for shoulders, chest, and back, but also for glutes, and quads - pushing against an immovable object, proved to be a fun, engaging, and efficient full body warmup for the students. 

After warming up with our standing waist hold inverts and exits - bringing focus to the 9 phases of inverting; we began applying these principles to complex patterns of movement such as climbing and aerial inverts with OLHs and ILHs. These are all movement patterns we had trained previously, and Steph does lots of climbing, aerial inverts and various tricks in other classes throughout the week with other teachers, too.

Overall, she has made huge gains in her strength, positioning, confidence and safety. She and I both notice the tendency for her to round the back a bit at various points in these movement patterns, but she also is tuning in enough to self-correct at numerous points, as well. And again, this gives us some material to continue working with in upcoming weeks!

Bonus Session #4 - Chin-ups and Pull-ups at My House!

I had been talking about horizontal bar work for quite a few months with all of the students. Steph had recently purchased her own doorway horizontal bar, and was eager to learn some exercises for the bar, so we decided to do a session at my house!

Before this session, Steph said she had never tried or done chin-ups or pull-ups before. She was a bit skeptical about her abilities, but I told her that we had TONS of options to experiment with, that would lead her on a path towards happy chin-ups!

We started with a “dead hang” letting the shoulders elevate. But first we examined handgrip a bit, and explored the various options for wrapping the hands - I recommended the thumb wrap for all of the exercises, and recommended bringing attention to all of the fingers on the bar. It was fun seeing her drop lower as she relaxed and elevated the shoulders! She enjoyed the feeling as well. Being a pole dancer with a strong hand grip, she was able to hang for about 40 seconds on her first try!

Next we explored some spinal movements and undulations while hanging. This was challenging for her to figure out how to initiate this movement - and I honestly told her it was for me the first few times, too! So we broke it down a bit into pelvic tilting and tucking, and beginning to turn those movements into body waves. Steph is excited to experiment more with these movements at home.

We explored hanging shoulder elevations and depressions (shrugs) next. Steph did a great job with this, as this is a movement pattern we do every week in class (without weight), and she reflected that this felt good, but also noticed that her lack of grip strength inhibited her a bit, and I also reflected that this was a new thing, and she may be fatiguing from the other “hangs” we had done.

So, next I introduced chin-ups with a knee in the Rubber Bandit. This is a great way to explore the movement and positioning with less weight. This just seemed effortless for her!

Because the band-assisted chin-ups were so easy, we decided to see how chin-ups felt without the band. She surprised herself by effortlessly executing 3 non-assisted chin-ups with beautiful form!!! Her movement was smooth, and her grip looked solid!

Lastly I showed her an eccentric lowering down from a chin-up, as another add on for building strength.

This was an extremely fun and successful session. Steph left feeling empowered and strong. I really believe that the many months we had done of strength training, positional and body awareness; as well as that days lead-up exercises helped her with the chin-ups - again the first time she had done these in her life!

VI. Results of strategy: 

Steph is an extremely motivated, dedicated and focused pole student!I have seen great improvement in her muscle engagement, body awareness, self correcting of position and engagement, improved position, and great improvements in strength. 

When I emailed her in June and asked her to participate in this final project, I asked if she had any initial feedback on what she has learned from the IR concepts I’ve taught over the past year - she wrote, “I feel like your class has strengthened not only my body, but the understanding of my body. How an invert is a squat upside down, how an inside leg is a pigeon pose,  how the placement of my arms and hips is key to get to an invert or proper static rotation, and the list goes on! I don't think I would have made the progress I am making if I did not have the breakdowns of moves and simplifications your class provides! LOVE LOVE LOVE your class, Karen! “

After our last meeting for this final project (9/6/22), I asked Steph if she had any final feedback, now that she had received a more “condensed and organized” presentation of IR concepts.. She stated that her sense of body awareness and body confidence has improved; She continues to notice huge leaps in strength; She does not get injured; She enjoys inverting for the sake of inverts and feels that she has met her goal of having beautiful invert technique; she feels safe and confident with aerial inverts; she feels safe and confident with ILH; She has met the goal of consistently training both sides. She feels that she really uses the IR principles in so many aspects of pole.

VII. Concluding findings: Explain what this case study has taught you and how it can help other people.

To be honest, working with Steph and the other “Sunday regulars” (this past year) has helped me grow tremendously as a teacher. Without such incredibly fun, committed, and eager students, I would not work half as hard as I do! 

With the Invert Ready Mentor training I feel much more educated and prepared to teach inverts. I understand the mechanics of inverts, I understand body anatomy and specifically the body parts related to inverting, and I can demonstrate and explain these concepts to students. Bringing AWARENESS to our bodies as we execute movements in pole, keeps us all safe, strong, and beautiful. What pole dancer doesn’t want those things?

Through working with Steph throughout my IRC training, I have grown in my ability to observe my students, and provide helpful feedback. I can spot energy leaks, and translate these observations into strategies and exercises to improve positioning and engagement of muscles

Knowing that Steph attends multiple classes per week with other instructors, and is definitely practicing more “advanced tricks”, I at times have wondered “am I offering enough” in my classes to keep her and the other experienced students engaged? Well, the obvious answer is that they would keep coming every week to my classes if they weren’t getting something useful from them!  But, I think my self-confidence was solidified after the Portland weekend; particularly when I began the 3 week Final Project classes with Steph. Going back to the foundational exercises, and being able to coherently and confidently explain “why” these were important and useful, and to see the students fully focus and commit to this learning has been rewarding and reaffirming. I feel like I offer something extremely useful and relevant to pole students of various levels.

How can this help other people? Trusting the process of teaching the IRC concepts and applying them to your students with confidence and patience. These methods work. I have seen profound changes in myself and others.

VIII. Reflection Questions: Did you invest yourself in this process? What are you proud of in this process?

Yes!!!! Whole heartedly! I’ve probably sprinkled answers to this throughout this report… but will add a few more thoughts. I love learning and I love teaching! And most of all I love the challenge of seeing each person as an individual, and adapting to the student’s needs in the present moment. Being knowledgeable and prepared is an important prerequisite. But for most effective teaching situations, you cannot teach a class like a recipe out of a cookbook. Know the foundations and theories, but be fully present in your observations of the students. Communicate effectively, and problem-solve creatively, based on your foundational knowledge. I always tell people that there are the “3 A’s” or phases of learning something new: Awkward, Aware, and Automatic. I feel like I have moved through the “awkward” phase of learning/teaching this new material of IRC, and am operating in both the aware, as well as the more fluid/dynamic “automatic” phase at times. Those are the moments that are exciting and joyful as a teacher. But I love also being in the “aware” phase, as I still have much to learn myself. I enjoy being intentional in my research and preparation before each class. I love being able to go back and watch more videos in our vast IRC library of resources!

Karen Lehman - Self-Assessment

How did it look, feel/function before?

I began studying pole around 2016-17. I was fortunate that I had been lifting weights for a number of years, and also had some Pilates and yoga experience. So I had some pre-existing core and upper body strength. I had also trained in Capoeira for about 10 years, so I was comfortable going upside down, and being kind of acrobatic. So, I actually “inverted” pretty quickly and easily early on in my pole training.

But… NOW I understand that I tended to invert in the most difficult way possible - straight up from standing. And I usually challenged myself to invert with “straight legs” because I thought that was “good form”. Using this method I would tire quickly and was prone to a number of injuries (more on that below).

Let’s talk about “energy leaks”. I relied heavily on my biceps, pectoralis major, and core abdominal muscles to invert - and occasionally would jump or kick to get up. Hence the fatigue. I also experienced overuse injuries and strain in my pectoralis muscles, and some areas on the top and front of the shoulder joint, likely the rotator cuff areas.

Further I did not really utilize a “waist hold” to support my body weight properly during the invert. My hip flexors were likely not helping with the invert either. But I cannot be certain because I had no awareness of their importance before Invert Ready! LOL! I was also not rolling my belly into the pole for a chopper or OLH.

I was not focused or aware of what my body was doing when I inverted to a large extent. Even though I had a lot of strength, I didn’t understand what was happening. In fact my mind would sometimes go blank when inverting I think.

Hence, I really did not understand “positioning”. Before taking Marlo’s online classes during the pandemic, I literally had no awareness of my scapula positioning or movement. My back muscles were minimal involved in the inverting process, as far as I can tell. I would look at the pole, and definitely had more of a “c” shape, not extreme, and mostly in the cervical and upper thoracic region; my shoulders were elevated and slightly protracted - I wish I had earlier videos to show this! In fact shoulder protraction was my basic postural habit.

My leg hooks were not solid, and I did not find them smoothly, but had to jiggle the leg around a bit, and often readjust by pulling up into them with my biceps and chest muscles, and looking up at the pole. I also engaged my leg muscles in the leg hook very minimally, but over-relied on upper body strength. Given all this, my leg hooks were not strong and secure, and in fact in 2017 I fell from the pole and broke my clavicle.

My ILH was even worse, and the only way I could get into it well was from a jade split

Oh, also I inverted on the same side 98% of the time.

I could only do band-assisted pull-ups/chin-ups

Despite all of these deficits, I loved pole, and was able to accomplish a lot! But I definitely made things harder than they had to be, and so many things were outside of my reach… and honestly not as beautiful and strong as they could be! I also had a lot of fear (which makes sense, and was really appropriate since I didn’t have the skills, positioning or strength for certain advanced moves and techniques). And I did, as mentioned above, have to heal from injuries a lot. But in my mind, I thought injuries were just a normal part of pole, since everyone else in my studio experienced them….

How does it look/feel/function now? And What’s changed?

Where to begin? Better Amazing Strong Confident Easy Focused Center Connected

During the pandemic (around June of 2020) I began training in many of Marlo’s live virtual classes. It was both amazing and frustrating. I love learning, and having a cognitive understanding of what’s happening. Marlo is a wonderfully informative and helpful teacher who imparts so much information and knowledge, which I loved. But it was also frustrating because many of the things that she taught, which seemed so basic, were also completely inaccessible for me physically! I realized that I had developed tons of compensatory “bad habits” in my pole work and training. In November of 2020 I took her “Pole Reset” class, and she kindly pointed out my shoulder positioning to me (protracted with a tendency towards elevation). That was life changing, and something I’ve been working on consistently since then. I gained greater awareness, connection, and mobility in my spine from taking her Spinal Flow series. There were parts of my thoracic spine where I had no proprioceptive awareness prior to that class. 

Following those courses, I took her Invert Ready class twice, as a student. It is not an understatement to say that Invert Ready has changed everything I do on the pole. I’ve grown so much in efficiency, strength, knowledge, proprioceptive self-awareness, confidence, safety, and my ability to teach others.

More specifically, my current inverts are stronger, more confident, more efficient, more beautiful and have much more variety and creativity. I can invert so many different ways! 

My positioning has changed, and I didn’t even know it was “a thing” before

My leg hooks could crack open a coconut

I understand the difference between an OLH and ILH

In my first 1:1 with Marlo in the IRC training, she helped me achieve my first chin-up by suggesting I “bend the bar into a rainbow” - Voila! I did a chin-up, plus 2 more

I now have strong hip flexors, and use them regularly in pole

I use the word “pelves”

I aerially invert efficiently, beautifully and without fear

I have learned so much about body mechanics and pole - when I watch other’s move, I see things in a new light, with new knowledge and awareness of the body mechanics

Other pole students and pole teachers want to learn from me and want to move like me, and I am eager to share this training with others. I want to support others in a safe, strong, and joyful pole journey. I have seen my students change the way they move – the joy, beauty and wonder is spreading!

The foundation of body awareness, spinal differentiation, and strength are foundational to all elements of pole - I look forward to continuing the growth, and revisiting the training materials.

Thank you!!!!!